International movement of open access to scientific knowledge: a quantitative analysis of country involvement

The study aims are to conduct a systematic quantitative analysis of Open Access (OA) Instruments and Initiatives, justify and develop the methodology for calculating the index of countries’ involvement in the Open Access movement. The authors identified all the significant OA-Instruments and OA-Initiatives, which were counted on the basis of the records in their OA-registers. Consolidation of records in these registers, according to literature data from the moment of their launch, made it possible to identify important patterns and features of the evolution of the OA-movemen

Механизмы повреждения эритроцитов при токсическом действии метгемоглобинобразователей

Structural properties of lipid component of erythrocyte membrane of Wistar rats with methemoglobinemia were investigated after one injection of sodium nitrite and phenylhydrazin chloride in DL50 dose. It was shown that in methemoglobinemia cholesterol, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylserine levels are increased and phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyletanolamine levels are decreased, and an increase of microviscousity of erythrocyte membrane lipid matrix was elevat-ed. The degree of the elucidated changes depends on a xenobiotic and a time of methemoglobinemia period.Исследованы структурные свойства липидного компонента эритроцитарной мембраны у крыс линии Wistar при метгемоглобинемиях, индуцированных однократным введением нитрита натрия и солянокислого фенилгидразина в дозах DL50. Показано, что при метгемоглобинемиях увеличивается содержание холестерина, лизофосфатидилхолина, сфингомиелина, фосфатидилсерина, снижается уровень фосфатидилхолина и фосфатидилэтаноламина, в мембране эритроцитов возрастает микровязкость липидного матрикса. Степень выявленных изменений зависит от вида ксенобиотика и продолжительности периода метгемоглобинемии

Механизмы регуляции объема эритроцитов у кардиохирургических больных с умеренным и выраженным гемолизом после операций на остановленном сердце

A study of mechanisms of regulation of volume of erythrocytes in cardiosurgical patients with moderate (24 patients) and expressed (13 patients) hemolysis after coronary artery bypass grafting in conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass was carried out. It was established that development expressed hemolysis is associated with higher (than under moderate hemolysis) volume of erythrocytes after operation, reduction Са2+-dependent К+-permeability and activity of Nа+/K+-ATPazy in their against deficiency of ATP in cells. At patients with moderated hemolysis independently of an investigation phase Са2+-dependent К+-permeability of a membrane of erythrocytes doesn't differ from healthy donors, but activity of Nа+/K+-ATPazy is reduced at the sufficient content of ATP.Проведено исследование механизмов регуляции объема эритроцитов у кардиохирургических больных с умеренным (24 человека) и выраженным (13 человек) гемолизом после коронарного шунтирования в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Установлено, что развитие выраженного гемолиза ассоциировано с бóльшим, чем при умеренном гемолизе, объемом эритроцитов после операции, уменьшением их Са2+-зависимой К+-проницаемости и активности Nа+/K+-ATФазы на фоне дефицита АТФ в клетках. У больных с умеренным гемолизом вне зависимости от этапа исследования Са2+-зависимая К+-проницаемость мембраны эритроцитов не отличается от таковой у здоровых доноров, но активность Nа+/K+-ATФазы снижена при достаточном содержании АТФ

Term as a phenomenon of language and of culture (history of words and concepts)

The article deals with the term as an object of the linguistic analysis. The author analyses the problem of the polysemy in the term including social and cultural connotations. The term is analyzed in the area of the formation of the scientific knowledge. The importance of the term in the elaboration of the academic discourse is revealed. The term as an object of linguistic analysis is correlated with the philosophical concept of the “term” that passed along the specific way of the development, especially in the Middle Ages, when the concept was in the heart of polemics between nominalism and realism

IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS OF CONTROL OVER STUDENTS’ EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS USING THE WEB-PORTFOLIO

The author examines the issue of the assessment of students’ educational achievements. The existing methods of control, their traditional usage peculiarities and the potential of the webfolio usage for their improvement are analyzed. The author discloses the notion of the combined assessment of educational achievement

Territorial differentiation of the Portuguese vocabulary

The article is devoted to the problem of the territorial differentiation of the Portuguese vocabulary. The author gives a paradigm of the territorial marked portuguese words that includes panporugalisms, variantisms, dialectisms and regionalisms

Connotative aspect in portuguese phraseology

The article is devoted to the problem of connotations in the meaning of portuguese phraseologisms. The article gives an idea of the paradigm of connotations — expressive, emotional, evaluative overtones and cultural connotations. Cultural connotations are fragments of culture as universal and ethnic memory. The phraseologisms carry various cultural connotations. The category of body is important in the portuguese culture and is fixed in the code of phraseologisms