Sarjeev′s supernumerary tooth notation system: A universally compatible add-on to the Two-Digit system

Aim: To give notation for quadrants, tooth position, and the type of supernumerary teeth for both permanent and deciduous dentition. Tooth numbering provides dentists with an essential shortcut in clinical record keeping. Materials and Methods: Three systems are favored worldwide: the Zsigmondy/Palmer system, the Universal system, and the Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) Two-Digit system. Histories of all tooth-numbering methods were traced and the strengths and deficiencies of each system were reviewed. The FDI Two-Digit system is widely used throughout the world, except USA, and is the only method that makes the visual sense, cognitive sense, and computer sense. Conclusion: On review it was noticed that all tooth notation systems in vogue have a drawback as they do not provide any information or notations for supernumerary teeth such as paramolar, distomolar, mesiodens, and fused teeth

“Bulls Eye For Bulls Teeth”- Endodontic Management of Taurodontism Using CBCT as A Diagnostic Tool- 2 Rare Case Reports

Taurodontism is a rare dental anomaly presented with an aberration of teeth that lacks the constriction at the level of the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). It is characterized by elongated pulp chambers and apical displacement of bifurcation or trifurcation of the roots, forming a rectangular shape. Whilst, it appears most frequently as an isolated anomaly, its association with several syndromes and abnormalities has also been reported in the literature. Although permanent molars are most commonly affected, this anomaly could also be seen in deciduous dentition, unilaterally or bilaterally, and in any combination of teeth or quadrants. These morphological anomalies pose various challenges to the dentist during their endodontic treatment. Modern diagnostic tools such as Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), loupes and Dental operating microscopes (DOM) help in achieving better treatment outcome in such cases. The presented article elaborates diagnosis and successful management of 2 rare cases of taurodontism in permanent molars

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF 5% SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION (AS AN INTRACANAL IRRIGANT) AND 10% NEEM LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST INFECTED ROOT CANAL MICROBIAL ISOLATES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS AND CANDIDA ALBICANS." AN IN VITRO STUDY

Objective : the study was designed to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 5% Sodium hypochlorite solution and 10% Neem leaves extract against infected root canal microbial isolates with special reference to Enterococcus Faecalis and Candida Albicans using Agar diffusion method. Materials and Method: A total of 50 patients requiring endodontic therapy with chronic periapical infection were selected and samples were isolated under strict aseptic protocol from the root canal systems. The samples were subjected to check the antimicrobial efficacy of Group A – 5% Sodium hypochlorite solution and Group B – 10% Neem leaves extract and Group C – distilled water as a control group. Agar well diffusion method was used for incubation and zones of inhibition was recorded. Results were subjected to ANOVA test and other statistical analysis using SPSS software. Results : It appeared that Group A and Group B are significantly effective in antimicrobial efficacy against E. Faecalis and C. albicans except Group C where no zones of inhibition was seen. The difference between scores obtained with Sodium hypochlorite solution and Neem leaves extract was statistically significant (P=0.05) Conclusion : 5% Sodium hypochlorite solution and Neem leaves extract has significant antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis and C. albicans with neem being possessing a significant property of biocompatibility to oral and periapical tissue

Successful endodontic management of Type II root canal anatomy in all mandibular incisors using CBCT as a diagnostic tool. - A Case Report.

The root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors can present a number of variations. Varying number of the root canals in different teeth, their anatomy and interconnections have been studied and reported in the literature. This case report illustrates the different configuration and successful non-surgical endodontic management of complex canal systems in all four mandibular incisors. CBCT imaging revealed all 4 mandibular incisors having two canals. Endodontic intervention resulted in successful treatment of this unusual canal morphology. Multiple canals in the mandibular incisor teeth individually have been reported in literature, but the highlight of this case report being of two canals in all 4 mandibular incisors in single individual and CBCT used as a diagnostic tool