Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer in Southern Nigeria: A Preliminary Report

Introduction: The natural history of prostate cancer varies among patients. The aim of this study is to detect any variations in clinical and pathological characteristics of the tumor in patients from different ethnic groups in Southern Nigeria.Patients and Methods: Consecutive patients who presented with features of prostatic diseases at the Urology Units of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt and Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, were evaluated prospectively with history, physical examination, and relevant investigations using a proforma. Data obtained were collated and analyzed statistically using the Chi‑square test and Microsoft Excel. Results: Of 187 patients studied, 169 were analyzed. Eighty‑six were Ibos, 31 Ijaws, 25 Ikwerres, and 12 Ogonis. Two were from each Etche, Urhobo, Opobo, and Effik; 4 from Andoni, and 3 Ibibio. Fifty‑seven (66.3%) Ibos presented with the disease at higher ages (70–80 years) than 19 (61.3%) Ijaws and 11 (91.7%) Ogonis. These age differences were statistically significant with 95% and 99.9% confidence, respectively. All cases were adenocarcinomas. Clinical features, pattern of serum prostate‑specific antigen levels, grades of the tumors, tumor metastases, and complications were similar for all ethnic groups. Although more Ibos had tumors with relatively more aggressive metastatic features, there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: Clinical and pathological features of adenocarcinoma of the prostate in Ibos, Ikwerres, Ijaws, and Ogonis were found to be similar. However, Ibos presented with the disease at older ages than Ijaws and Ogonis.Keywords: Ethnicity, prostate cancer, Southern Nigeri

Prostate cancer in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: features and outcome

Background: To present the clinical features and outcome of management of patients with prostate cancer in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with prostate cancer managed in 14 years at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Results: Of 154,594 men above 40 years old who attended the hospital, 177 were treated for prostate cancer, giving a hospital incidence of 114/100,000. Of these, the records of 47 had sufficient data to be included for analysis. Record keeping was poor. The ages ranged from 45 to 88 years with an average of 71.6 years. Forty-three patients (91.5%) presented late with features of advanced disease such as anaemia, spinal cord compression and urinary retention. The diagnosis was made from tissue biopsies, x-rays and biochemical results with clinical findings. The treatment was bilateral subcapsular orchidectomy with or without diethylstilbestrol. The response to treatment in most patients was satisfactory initially but relapse was common and fatal. Conclusions: Record keeping requires urgent attention. Prostate cancer screening should be adopted in line with trends in industrialised countries. Mortality in our patients was mainly from direct complications of prostate cancer. Keywords: Prostate cancer, Features, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Nig. J. of Surgical Research 4(1-2) 2002: 34-4

Histologic study of non-neoplastic kidney lesions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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Prostatitis in prostate specimens from patients with prostate enlargement at University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital - A histologic review

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Spectrum of urological procedures in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Aim: To determine the relative frequencies of types of operations, age and gender distribution of the patients and the indications for operation in the Urology Unit over a 10-year period between 1989 and 1998. Setting: The Urology Unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Type of study: Retrospective. Methods: Patients' demographic data were collected from the Main Theatre registers of the Hospital, the Medical Records Department ward records patients' and case note. Those operations done in the Urology Unit were analysed. Results: Urological operations (total 1875) formed 22.6% of all surgical operations in the hospital during the decade under review. There were 1847 males (98.5%) and 28 females (1.5%). The age distribution showed two peaks in the first decade and in the seventh decade. Frequencies of operations were least in the 4th decade and after the 9th decade. Circumcisions, surgery for prostate disease, procedures for urethral strictures, urological trauma and paediatric reconstruction formed the majority of operations. Endoscopic urological procedures were limited to the occasional cystoscopy. Some 67.6% of the operations were performed in the first half of the decade and 32.4% in the second half. A rapid decrease in the number of operations was noticed which compared with the same pattern in the Department of Surgery as a whole. Conclusion: We recommend the establishment and development of human and material resources for Urological service for basic procedures and endo-urological practice in keeping with contemporary trends and the allocation of more theatre space and out-patient Clinic time to the urology service. Keywords: Urological procedures; Spectrum; Port Harcourt Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 10 (1) 2007: pp.74-7