Comparative review of human and canine osteosarcoma: morphology, epidemiology, prognosis, treatment and genetics

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a rare cancer in people. However OSA incidence rates in dogs are 27 times higher than in people. Prognosis in both species is poor, with five year osteosarcoma survival rates in people not having improved in decades. For dogs, one year survival rates are only around ~45%. Improved and novel treatment regimens are urgently required to improve survival in both humans and dogs with OSA. Utilising information from genetic studies could assist in this in both species, with the higher incidence rates in dogs contributing to the dog population being a good model of human disease. This review compares the clinical characteristics, gross morphology and histopathology, aetiology, epidemiology, and genetics of canine and human osteosarcoma. Finally, the current position of canine osteosarcoma genetic research is discussed and areas for additional work within the canine population are identified

Eyelids neoplasia in dogs and cats

Physical and functional abnormalities of the lids or adnexal ocular structures may result in abnormalities of the cornea and subsequently vision. Cancer begins when normal cells start to change and grow uncontrollably, forming a mass called a tumor. Eyelid tumors can be either benign or malignant. The most common malignant eyelid tumors include basal cell carcinoma, sebaceous gland carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Cytologic examination of the fine needle aspiration and biopsy samples may reveal a specific type of neoplasm. All cancers from the eyelid and eye globe need to be removed. Histologic examinations of incised masses are recommended