Copulation interruption assays to test for female preference between large and small males.

<p>(<b>A)</b>. First male was large, and the second male was small. (<b>B)</b>. First male was small and second male was large. Values in parentheses are percentage of successful copulations.</p

Passive membrane properties for cultured DRG neurons from adult wild type mice.

<p>Passive membrane properties for cultured DRG neurons from adult wild type mice.</p

High glucose did not increase expression of TRPV1 channels.

<p>A, representative images immunocytochemistry for the detection of TRPV1 protein in cultured DRG maintained in either control (CTL) or high glucose (HG) conditions. B, bar graph summarizes mean pixel intensity for CTL (n = 71; HG, n = 51). C, western blots showing TRPV1 and β-actin expression in 4 independent samples (per treatment) of cultured DRG neurons exposed to either CTL or HG for 10 days. B, bar graph summarizes the ratio of TRPV1/β-actin per treatment. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. Scale bar in A represents 30 μm. Statistical analysis by Mann<i>–</i>Whitney test; no significant differences were found between treatments (B-D). AU, arbitrary units.</p

Passive membrane properties for cultured DRG neurons from RAGE KO mice.

<p>Passive membrane properties for cultured DRG neurons from RAGE KO mice.</p

High glucose potentiated CAP-evoked currents in cultured DRG neurons.

<p>A-B, representative traces of CAP-evoked currents recorded in whole-cell voltage-clamp mode (holding potential set at -60 mV). Agonist was applied for 1 s and repeated every 30 s, in control (CTL), and high glucose (HG) in Ca²⁺-ECF (A), and in the same glucose conditions but in Ba²⁺-ECF (B), respectively. C-E, bar graphs summarizing maximal current (I_max) density (C), maximal current charge (Q_max; D), and maximal current rundown calculated as the ratio of I_max relative to the 15^th application (I₁₅) in a series (E), for CTL (n = 24) and HG (n = 24) in Ca²⁺-ECF; and for CTL (n = 8) and HG (n = 11) in Ba²⁺-ECF, respectively. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. The absolute current density and charge were used in C and D for simplicity. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post-hoc test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.</p

Voltage-gated currents were unaffected by high glucose conditions.

<p>A, show representative traces of macroscopic voltage-gated outward and inward currents recorded in voltage-clamp mode (holding potential set at -60 mV) by the application of a voltage step protocol (inset), in cultured DRG neurons maintained in either control (CTL, top traces) or high glucose (HG, bottom traces). B-C, the I-V plot summarize the mean outward current density (B) and mean inward peak current density (C) obtained at different step voltages, in both experimental conditions. All data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 5 for each condition.</p