Integrated Road Safety Approach Towards Safer Road in Indonesia

Safer road is a global issue in the world. Regarding road conditions, traffic conditions, and accident rate in developing countries, including Indonesia, safer road is crucial. Furthermore, the problem is worse because of a number of reasons i.e. data of road geometric, road pavement surface, road furniture conditions, and traffic accident are not well recorded, difference available recorded data among institutions, and beginning level of intelligent transportation systems implementation. Moreover, to reach safer road, all stakeholders involved (road authorities, industries, experts, road users) should work together. In order to reach integrated road safety approach, the aims of this study are to determine steps to decrease number and severity of traffic accident before, during, and after accident occur, and then to recommend road safety scheme towards safer road in Indonesia. Sustainable and consistent implementation of steps and road safety scheme leads to significant improvement of safer road in Indonesia. Keywords: safer road, accident rate, traffic accident, traffic condition Jalan berkeselamatan merupakan isu global di dunia. Terkait dengan kondisi jalan, kondisi lalu lintas, dan tingkat kecelakaan di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk di Indonesia, jalan yang lebih aman sangat penting. Selain itu permasalahan lebih diperburuk oleh beberapa alasan, yaitu data geometrik jalan, kondisi permukaan perkerasan jalan, kondisi perlengkapan jalan, data kecelakaan lalulintas yang tidak tercatat dengan baik, perbedaan data yang tercatat di institusi-institusi terkait, dan implementasi sistem transportasi cerdas baru pada tahap awal. Untuk mencapai jalan yang berkeselamatan semua pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat (otoritas jalan, industri, ahli, pengguna jalan) harus bekerja sama. Dengan memperhatikan pendekatan keselamatan jalan terpadu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan langkah-langkah untuk mengurangi jumlah dan tingkat keparahan kecelakaan sebelum, selama, dan setelah kecelakaan terjadi serta merekomendasikan skema keselamatan jalan menuju jalan yang lebih aman di Indonesia. Keberkelanjutan dan penerapan yang konsisten langkah-langkah dan skema keselamatan jalan akan menghasilkan perbaikan yang signifikan akan jalan berkeselamatan di Indonesia. Kata

Acta Medica Indonesiana - The Indonesian Journal of Internal Medicine 153 Malignant Pleural Effusion in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Pleural effusions can be the first presentation of a hematologic malignancy. The most common disorders with pleural effusion are Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a frequency of 20 to 30%, especially if mediastinal involvement. Acute and chronic leukemia are rarely accompanied by pleural involvement. We describe a 46-year-old female with history of progressive dyspnoea. Physical examination was revealed massive left pleural effusion. Complete blood count revealed anemia, trombositopenia and normal leucocyte count. Viral serology test shown positive of HBsAg and total antiHBc. Chest X-ray revealed left pleural effusion. Pleural fluid cytology was myeloblast consistent with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Bone marrow aspiration smear, bone marrow biopsy smear, and flow cytometry analysis were consistent with acute myeloid leukemia without maturation (AML M0-FAB classification). Key words: Acute myeloid leukemia, pleural effusion, infection

Penentuan Hiposenter Gempabumi Dan Model Kecepatan Lokal Di Wilayah Jawa Timur Menggunakan Metode Double Difference

Jawa Timur, secara fisiologis maupun geografis, terdapat gunungapi dan sesar yang masih aktif serta berpotensi terjadi gempabumi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui model kecepatan bumi lokal 1-D, menentukan distribusi persebaran hiposenter dan hasil relokasi hiposenter gempabumi berdasarkan kejadian yang digunakan menggunakan metode double difference yang terjadi di wilayah Jawa Timur. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini data gempa tahun 2007 sampai 2015 di wilayah Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode double difference yaitu metode yang menggunakan data relatif waktu tempuh antar dua hiposenter. Prinsip metode ini adalah jika jarak persebaran hiposenter antara dua gempa sangat kecil dibanding jarak antara stasiun ke sumber, maka ray path gempa dapat dianggap mendekati sama. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu, model kecepatan bumi lokal 1-D yang diperoleh 5 lapisan dengan kecepatan 4,71 km/s - 7,14 km/s dan moho pada kedalaman mendekati 30 km. Hasil relokasi hiposenter menggunakan metode double difference menunjukkan bahwa metode ini mampu memberikan hasil koordinat episenter yang akurat dengan diperolehnya nilai Rms residual mendekati 0. Adanya penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu upaya mitigasi bencana untuk masyarakat di Jawa Timur

Kajian Hidrogeokimia Airtanah Bebas di Wilayah Kepesisiran Kabupaten Purworejo

Terdapat variasi airtanah payau hingga asin di wilayah kepesisiran Purworejo. Tujuan penelitian ini: (1) mengkaji karakteristik dan pola persebaran hidrogeokimia secara spasial di wilayah tersebut; dan (2) menemukenali faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi karakteristik dan pola persebaran hidrogeokimia airtanah bebas di wilayah tersebut.Metode pengambilan data secara systematic dan purposive sampling didasarkan pada unit analisis bentuklahan. Tipe hidrogeokimia dianalisis dengan metode ion dominan, diagram stiff, dan diagram piper segiempat.Hasil menunjukkan terdapat lima tipe airtanah bebas. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tipe dan persebaran tersebut: (i) proses pelarutan mineral dari material marin dan alluvium serta proses infiltrasi dan perkolasi air hujan membentuk air bikarbonat dan semi-bikarbonat, (ii) proses evaporasi intesif zona perairan laut dangkal meninggalkan kristal-kristal garam terlarut membentuk air evaporit, (iii) proses reduksi bahan organik pada laguna masa lampau membentuk air sulfat, dan (iv) proses pertukaran kation airtanah dengan mineral lempung marin dan penemuan fosil molluscca membentuk air fosil

Desain Pencahayaan Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas Atas RS. Darmo dan St. Vincentius A. Paulo Surabaya

Inpatient rooms in Dutch colonial heritage hospitals have some unique physical characteristics related to lighting, such as the height of the building structure and the use of terazzo for wall and floor finishing. These characteristics cause the atmosphere of the hospital to appear bleak since the amount of lighting illumination in the rooms is not fulfilled. The purpose of this research is to analyze and find solutions for optimal lighting design by taking the case of the upper-class wards in two Dutch colonial hospitals in Surabaya: the RS Darmo and the SSR St. Vincentius A Paulo. The first step is observation and measurement using Lightmeter LX-103 to determine the amount of turning on the instrument room, followed by verification and simulation optimization using a computer program of DIALux v.4.6. The analysis showed that the lighting conditions on the wards at both hospitals have not met the optimum standards. Thus, there are several ways to optimize light levels, including: the replacement of materials and colors of the walls and floors with brighter colors, decreasing the ceiling height using a drop ceiling, replacement of the colors of the furniture with brighter colors, and the use of 28-36W fluorescent lamp and soft white 26W down lighting

Efektifitas Pemberian Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza Terhadap Serapan P, Pertumbuhan Serta Produksi Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt) Di Lahan Gambut

The research aims to determine the mycorrhizal biological fertilizer dose that is effective in the absorption of P for growth and production of sweet corn on peatlands. Research has been conducted in Rimbo Panjang Village, Kampar District, Riau Province. The research lasted for four months starting in December 2015 to March 2016. The research was conducted experiments using a randomized block design (RBD) non factorial, which consists of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The observations were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level. Based on the survey results revealed that administration of a biological fertilizer mycorrhiza real impact on P uptake of plants, root volume, dry weight of plants, production per plot, cob diameter and number of lines of grains per ear, but the effect was not significant on plant height, ratio canopy roots, time appears male flowers, female flowers appear time, harvesting, heavy cob with husk, heavy cob without husk and cob length. Provision of biological fertilizer mycorrhizal 6 g/plant an effective dose to support the growth and the production of sweet corn on peatlands

Analisis Faktor Ekologi Dominan Pemilihan Kubangan Oleh Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros Sondaicus Desmarest 1822) Di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

The characteristic of wallow can be one of standard or criteria of the javan rhino habitat which will be used for selection strategy of further javan rhino's wallow. The objective of this study is to identify the wallow characteristic of javan rhino both physical and biological factors that need for identifiying the dominant ecological factor in determining wallow selection strategy for javan rhino. The data that were collected consisted of physical characteristic javan rhino's wallow i.e. the length and the width of wallow, the depth of mud and water of wallow, water pH inside the wallow, the height of wallow site, the temperature and humidity, and the distance from wallow to the coastal, river, and from human access. The biotic characteristic aspects of javan rhino' wallow that were observed consisted of the number of javan rhino' feed and the total density of vegetation spread around the wallow according to result of vegetation analysis. Based on the result of factor analysis, the dominant ecological factor that affect wallow selection are the height of the site (10-87 mdpl), air temperature (26-29°C), and tree density (25-174 ind/ha)

Studi Karakteristik Kubangan Badak Jawa (Rhinoceros Sondaicus Desmarest 1822) Di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

The characteristic of wallow can be one of standard or criteria of the javan rhino habitat that need for creating the second habitat which will be used for selection strategy of further javan rhino's wallow. The objective of this study is to identify the wallow characteristic of javan rhino. The results of this study is hopefully used for the consideration in determining the second habitat of java rhino and for the basics information of habitat development of javan rhino insitu conservation. The data that were collected consisted of physical characteristic javan rhino's wallow i.e. the length and the width of wallow, the depth of mud and water of wallow, water pH inside the wallow, the height of wallow site, the temperature and humidity, and the distance from wallow to the coastal, river, and from human access

Perbandingan Metode Lz77, Metode Huffman Dan Metode Deflate Terhadap Kompresi Data Teks

Data compression is a very important process in the world that has been vastly using digital files, such as for texts, images, sounds or videos. Those digital files has a varied size and often taking disk storage spaces. To overcome this problem, many experts created compression algorithms, both for lossy and lossless compression. This research discusses about testing of four lossless compression algorithms that applied for text files, such as LZ77, Static Huffman, LZ77 combined with Static Huffman, and Deflate. Performance comparison of the four algorithms is measured by obtaining the compression ratio. From the test results can be concluded that the Deflate algorithm is the best algorithm due to the use of multiple modes, i.e. uncompressed mode, LZ77 combined with Static Huffman mode, and LZ77 combined with Dynamic Huffman Coding mode. The results also showed that the Deflate algorithm can compress text files and generates an average compression ratio of 38.84%