5 research outputs found

    Actividad anti f煤ngica (in vitro) de extractos vegetales para el control de antracnosis (Colletotrichum acutatum)

    Get PDF
    The antifungal effect of five plant extracts: nettle (Urtica dioica), chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), frame (Artemisiavulgaris), lavender (Lavandula officinalis) and chamico (Datura ferox) were evaluated at laboratory level for control ofanthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), using two methods of extraction (maceration and steam trapping), in the results obtained, statistical differences were observed in the percentage of inhibition ofmycelial growth of the fungus, the treatment with lavender extract obtained by the steam trapping method presented thegreatest efficiency for anthracnose control (66.23%). The other treatments tested also showed effectiveness against theanthracnose pathogen in the following order of inhibition: chamomile (52.78%), frame (21.63), chamico (24.14%), nettle(12.94), the ability of various species to inhibit certain fungal diseases, taking into account the different content of secondary metabolites that have each of the plant species, constituting new clean production alternatives that reduce the useof chemical pesticides for the control of fungal diseases.Se evalu贸 el efecto anti f煤ngico de la aplicaci贸n de cinco extractos vegetales: ortiga (Urtica dioica), manzanilla (Chamaemelum nobile), marco (Artemisia vulgaris), lavanda (Lavandula officinalis) y chamico (Datura ferox), a nivel delaboratorio para control de antracnosis (Colletotrichum acutatum) del tomate de 谩rbol (Solanum betaceum), utilizandodos m茅todos de extracci贸n (maceraci贸n y arrastre de vapor), en los resultados obtenidos, se observa diferencias estad铆stica en el porcentaje de inhibici贸n de crecimiento micelial del hongo, el tratamiento con extracto de lavanda obtenido porel m茅todo de arrastre de vapor, present贸 la mayor eficacia para control de antracnosis (66.23%). Los dem谩s tratamientosensayados tambi茅n present贸 actividad contra el pat贸geno de la antracnosis, en el siguiente orden de inhibici贸n: manzanilla (52.78 %), marco (21.63), chamico (24.14 %), ortiga (12.94), la capacidad de diversas especies de inhibir ciertasenfermedades f煤ngicas, asumi茅ndose al contenido diferente de metabolitos secundarios que tienen cada una de las especies vegetales, constituyendo en una alternativa de producci贸n limpia, que reduzcan la utilizaci贸n de pesticidas qu铆micospara el control de las enfermedades f煤ngicas

    An谩lisis poscosecha de frutos de pitahaya amarilla (Cereus triangularis Haw.), a distintos niveles de madurez y temperatura

    Get PDF
    The fruits of yellow pitahaya (Cereus triangularis Haw.), Tend to suffer rapid deterioration once harvested. In order tostudy the optimum storage conditions to preserve its useful life, the postharvest quality of the yellow pitahaya in storagewas evaluated, combining the temperature (factor A) with two levels: A1 (ambient) 16卤4 潞C and HR of 79%, A2 (cold)6卤2 潞C and HR of 72-92%, and the physiological state (factor B), with three levels: B1 tender fruit (15-25% yellowcolor), B2 pinton fruit (50% yellow), and B3 ripe fruit (75-90% yellow). The physico-chemical characteristics werestudied with a maximum time of 26 days of the test and the determinations were made twice a week: weight loss (PP),total soluble solids (SST), hydrogen potential (pH), acidity titulable (AT) and maturity index (IM). The variables werecompared by means of an average test according to Tukey (p藗0.05). No significant differences were observed in PP(13.5% to the environment and 9.3% in cold on average) and SST among the treatments (18.8 average to the environment and 18.6 average in cold). The fruits of pitahaya stored in the cold and with a state of mature pintona (A2B1) had alower pH (4.77), there being a difference between the treatments to the environment (factor A) and cold (factor B), ahigher AT had ( A2B1) with 3.02 with a significant difference between factor A and B, the lowest MI on day 0 had theA1B1 treatment with 8.93, reaching 26 days at 20.20, there being a significant difference between the treatments offactor A and B .Las frutas de pitahaya amarilla (Cereus triangularis Haw.), tienden a sufrir un r谩pido deterioro una vez cosechadas. Conel objetivo de estudiar las condiciones 贸ptimas de almacenamiento para preservar su vida 煤til, se evalu贸 la calidad poscosecha de la pitahaya amarilla en almacenamiento, combinando la temperatura (factor A) con dos niveles: A1(ambiente)16卤4 潞C y HR de 79 %, A2 (fr铆o) 62 潞C y HR de 72-92%, y el estado fisiol贸gico (factor B), con tres niveles: B1 frutotierno (15-25 % color amarillo), B2 fruto pint贸n (50 % color amarillo), y B3 fruto maduro (75-90% color amarillo). Seestudiaron las caracter铆sticas f铆sico-qu铆micas con un tiempo m谩ximo de 26 d铆as de duraci贸n del ensayo y las determinaciones se hicieron dos veces por semana: p茅rdida de peso (PP), s贸lidos solubles totales (SST), potencial de hidr贸geno(pH), acidez titulable (AT) e 铆ndice de madurez (IM). Las variables fueron comparadas mediante una prueba de mediaseg煤n Tukey (p藗0.05). No se observaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a PP (13.5 % al ambiente y 9.3 % en frio enpromedio) y SST entre los tratamientos (18.8 promedio al ambiente y 18.6 promedio en frio). Las frutas de pitahayaalmacenadas al fr铆o y con un estado de madurez pintona (A2B1) tuvieron un menor pH (4.77) existiendo diferencia entrelos tratamientos al ambiente (factor A) y en frio (factor B), una mayor AT tuvo (A2B1) con 3.02 con diferencia significativa entre el factor A y B, el menor IM en el d铆a 0 tuvo el tratamiento A1B1 con 8.93, llegando a los 26 d铆as a 20.20,existiendo diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos del factor A y el B

    Evaluaci贸n de nuevas tecnolog铆as de producci贸n limpia de la mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth), en la zona Andina de Ecuador, para un buen vivir de los fruticultores

    Get PDF
    The present investigation proposes, the evaluation of the clean and organic technological components, with and withoutTrichoderma for the management of the Moravian culture of Castile (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the cantons Cevallos andTisaleo belonging to the province of Tungurahua-Ecuador. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks(BCA) was used in factorial arrangement 2*2+1 with three, observing the clean management with 3 cycles of Trichoderma(T3), presented the best results when evaluating numbers of buds per branch, fertilized flowers, fruits per branchand yield reaching the latter 19036.35 kg/ha for Cevallos and 24973.09 kg/ha for Tisaleo, Both the incidence and severityof O铆dium, Botrytis and Peronospora were recorded in the organic management (A2), from the economic point of viewin the town of Cevallos the treatment that presented lower costs that vary, the management of the producer withoutTrichoderma spp (T7) with 634.99 USD, while the treatment Organic management with 3 cycles of Trichoderma spp (T6)presented higher costs that vary with 1039.89 USD. According to the net benefit, it was determined that the Clean Managementtreatment plus 3 cycles of Trichoderma spp (T3) presented a higher net benefit with USD 24764.26, while forthe Producer Management without Trichoderma spp. (T7) presented the lowest net profit with 6623.908 USD; evidencingtreatment 3 as a new clean production alternative that reduces the use of agrochemicals and improves the production ofarrears in the Andean zone of Ecuador.La presente investigaci贸n propone, la evaluaci贸n de los componentes tecnol贸gicos limpio y org谩nico, con y sin Trichodermapara el manejo del cultivo mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth) en los cantones Cevallos y Tisaleo pertenecientea la provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador. Se utiliz贸 el dise帽o experimental de bloques completos al azar en arreglofactorial 2*2+1 con tres repeticiones, observando el manejo limpio con 3 ciclos de Trichoderma (T3), present贸 los mejoresresultados al evaluar n煤meros de yemas por rama, flores fecundadas, frutos por rama y rendimiento alcanzando este煤ltimo 19036.35 kg/ha para Cevallos y 24973.09 kg/ha para Tisaleo, tanto la incidencia y severidad de O铆dium, Botrytisy Peronospora se lo registr贸 en el manejo org谩nico (A2), desde el punto de vista econ贸mico en la localidad de Cevallos eltratamiento que present贸 menores costos que var铆an, el manejo del productor sin Trichoderma spp (T7) con 634.99 USD,mientras que el tratamiento manejo org谩nico con 3 ciclos de Trichoderma spp (T6) present贸 mayores costos que var铆ancon 1039.89 USD. De acuerdo al beneficio neto se determin贸 que el tratamiento manejo limpio m谩s 3 ciclos de Trichodermaspp (T3) present贸 mayor beneficio neto con 24764.26 USD, mientras que para el manejo del productor sin Trichodermaspp. (T7) present贸 el menor beneficio neto con 6623.908 USD, evidenciando al tratamiento 3 como nueva alternativade producci贸n limpia, que reduzca la utilizaci贸n de agroqu铆micos y mejoren la producci贸n de mora en la zona Andinade Ecuador

    Antifungal (in vitro) activity of plant extracts for the control of anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum)

    No full text
    The antifungal effect of five plant extracts: nettle (Urtica dioica), chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), frame (Artemisia vulgaris), lavender (Lavandula officinalis) and chamico (Datura ferox) were evaluated at laboratory level for control of anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), using two methods of extraction (maceration and steam trapping), in the results obtained, statistical differences were observed in the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth of the fungus, the treatment with lavender extract obtained by the steam trapping method presented the greatest efficiency for anthracnose control (66.23%). The other treatments tested also showed effectiveness against the anthracnose pathogen in the following order of inhibition: chamomile (52.78%), frame (21.63), chamico (24.14%), nettle (12.94), the ability of various species to inhibit certain fungal diseases, taking into account the different content of secondary metabolites that have each of the plant species, constituting new clean production alternatives that reduce the use of chemical pesticides for the control of fungal diseases

    Evaluaci贸n de nuevas tecnolog铆as de producci贸n limpia de la mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth), en la zona Andina de Ecuador, para un buen vivir de los fruticultores

    No full text
    The present investigation proposes, the evaluation of the clean and organic technological components, with and withoutTrichoderma for the management of the Moravian culture of Castile (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the cantons Cevallos andTisaleo belonging to the province of Tungurahua-Ecuador. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks(BCA) was used in factorial arrangement 2*2+1 with three, observing the clean management with 3 cycles of Trichoderma(T3), presented the best results when evaluating numbers of buds per branch, fertilized flowers, fruits per branchand yield reaching the latter 19036.35 kg/ha for Cevallos and 24973.09 kg/ha for Tisaleo, Both the incidence and severityof O铆dium, Botrytis and Peronospora were recorded in the organic management (A2), from the economic point of viewin the town of Cevallos the treatment that presented lower costs that vary, the management of the producer withoutTrichoderma spp (T7) with 634.99 USD, while the treatment Organic management with 3 cycles of Trichoderma spp (T6)presented higher costs that vary with 1039.89 USD. According to the net benefit, it was determined that the Clean Managementtreatment plus 3 cycles of Trichoderma spp (T3) presented a higher net benefit with USD 24764.26, while forthe Producer Management without Trichoderma spp. (T7) presented the lowest net profit with 6623.908 USD; evidencingtreatment 3 as a new clean production alternative that reduces the use of agrochemicals and improves the production ofarrears in the Andean zone of Ecuador.La presente investigaci贸n propone, la evaluaci贸n de los componentes tecnol贸gicos limpio y org谩nico, con y sin Trichodermapara el manejo del cultivo mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth) en los cantones Cevallos y Tisaleo pertenecientea la provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador. Se utiliz贸 el dise帽o experimental de bloques completos al azar en arreglofactorial 2*2+1 con tres repeticiones, observando el manejo limpio con 3 ciclos de Trichoderma (T3), present贸 los mejoresresultados al evaluar n煤meros de yemas por rama, flores fecundadas, frutos por rama y rendimiento alcanzando este煤ltimo 19036.35 kg/ha para Cevallos y 24973.09 kg/ha para Tisaleo, tanto la incidencia y severidad de O铆dium, Botrytisy Peronospora se lo registr贸 en el manejo org谩nico (A2), desde el punto de vista econ贸mico en la localidad de Cevallos eltratamiento que present贸 menores costos que var铆an, el manejo del productor sin Trichoderma spp (T7) con 634.99 USD,mientras que el tratamiento manejo org谩nico con 3 ciclos de Trichoderma spp (T6) present贸 mayores costos que var铆ancon 1039.89 USD. De acuerdo al beneficio neto se determin贸 que el tratamiento manejo limpio m谩s 3 ciclos de Trichodermaspp (T3) present贸 mayor beneficio neto con 24764.26 USD, mientras que para el manejo del productor sin Trichodermaspp. (T7) present贸 el menor beneficio neto con 6623.908 USD, evidenciando al tratamiento 3 como nueva alternativade producci贸n limpia, que reduzca la utilizaci贸n de agroqu铆micos y mejoren la producci贸n de mora en la zona Andinade Ecuador
    corecore