Avaliação do conhecimento na requisição correta dos exames de imagem dos internos de 5o e 6o ano da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, SP

INTRODUCTION: Radiology is one of the medical specialties that is constantly updating. Its methods have been showing a large disponibility and functionality as increases the number of patients seeking for radiology exams. However, some precious values on the medical field have been inverted, such as requesting supplementary tests improperly to fill up the gap by doing a poor anamnesis. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of interns from 5th and 6th grade from the Medical School of the University of Mogi das Cruzes (MSUMC) about Radiology and Image Diagnosis subject. METHOD: The study design is a quantitative cross section, based on a questionnaire applied to the interns from MSUMC. The data was analyzed by the statistic program Minitab and the alumni were classified according to their performance on the test: good (≥60%), satisfactory (50-59,9%) and unsatisfactory (≤49,9%). RESULTS: After the 114 questionnaires were precisely analyzed, the questions with the highest percentage of mistake were ranked and approached the following themes: point out the diagnosis methods associated with contrast (100%) and first choice exam for bone fracture (97,37%), pneumonia (92,11%), pneumothorax (90,80%). The average questionnaire score was 51,6% and the final classification percentage of performance was: good performance (11,20%), satisfactory (50%) and unsatisfactory (38,80%). DISCUSSION: The basic Radiology questions were the ones with the highest percentage of mistakes. It was noticed a lack of students’ knowledge about the exams costs, important fact when one thinks about the huge Brazilian public expenses with exams required unnecessarily. The most frequent pathologies in a first-aid post were overlooked and had the worst participants’ performance. CONCLUSION: It’s crucial to emphasize a solid education at Radiology and Image Diagnosis, due to its importance at the prevention of over requiring unnecessary radiology exams.INTRODUÇÃO: A radiologia é uma especialidade médica em constante processo de modernização. Além da maior disponibilidade e funcionalidade dos métodos, maior é a demanda dos pacientes por exames. No entanto, nota-se uma inversão de valores na prática médica, no qual é comum o pedido de exames complementares de forma incorreta e indiscriminada a fim de suprir a anamnese falha. O estudo objetivou avaliar o conhecimento dos internos de 5º e 6º ano da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes (FMUMC) acerca da disciplina de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem. METODOLOGIA: É um estudo de delineamento transversal quantitativo analítico, pautado em questionários aplicados nos acadêmicos do 5º e 6º ano da FMUMC. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico Minitab e os participantes foram classificados de acordo com o percentual de desempenho: bom (≥ 60%), satisfatório (50-59,9%) e insatisfatório (≤49,9%). RESULTADOS: Após análise criteriosa de 114 questionários, as perguntas com maior índice de reprovação abordaram os seguintes temas com o respectivo percentual de erro: apontar os métodos diagnósticos associados a contraste (100%) e exame de primeira escolha para fratura óssea (97,37%), pneumonia (92.11%) e pneumotórax (90,8%). A média de acerto do questionário foi de 51,6% e o percentual da classificação final: bom desempenho (11,20%), satisfatório (50%) e insatisfatório (38,80%). DISCUSSÃO: Observou-se uma alta taxa de erros, principalmente em perguntas relacionadas a questões básicas de Radiologia. Destaca-se a falta de conhecimento dos acadêmicos acerca dos custos dos exames frente ao enorme gasto público brasileiro com exames solicitados desnecessariamente. As patologias mais frequentes de pronto atendimento foram negligenciadas e com pior desempenho dos participantes. CONCLUSÃO: Enfatiza-se a boa formação acadêmica na disciplina de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem, por se tratar de uma ferramenta fundamental na prevenção na solicitação indiscriminada e incorreta de exames complementares

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data