Assessment of clinical profile, antibiotic sensitivity and prescription pattern in blood culture positive enteric fever among pediatric and adult patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital: a prospective study

Background: Asterion Introduction: Enteric fever is a major concern in developing country. It is predominantly caused by serovars typhi and paratyphi of Salmonella enterica. Recently, an upsurge in antimicrobial resistant strains has worsened the management of enteric fever. So, aim of present study is to evaluate the clinical profile, antibiotic sensitivity and prescription pattern in blood culture proven cases of enteric fever in pediatric and adult patients.Methods: Single centre, prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Demographic and clinical details of blood culture proven enteric fever admitted in hospital were collected over the period from August 2016 to November 2018.Results: Total 58 blood cultures grew Salmonella spp. , amongst them 84.48 % had growth of Salmonella typhi. Blood culture was sent after a mean period of 9 days and 10 days of fever in pediatric and adult patients respectively. All isolates of S. paratyphi A were pansusceptible, whereas 36.73 % isolates of S. typhi were multidrug resistant and nalidixic acid resistant. 68.97% patients received antibiotics before admission. The difference between mean time to defervescence in patients who received ceftriaxone and those who received more than one antibiotic was not statistically significant. (P value 0.87)Conclusion: Blood cultures are the important diagnostic tool to identify multidrug resistant Salmonellae. Study showed that combination therapy was not statistically superior and awareness of local antimicrobial susceptibility pattern significantly helps for better management of the patients

Retrospective evaluation of the efficacy, safety and satisfaction of AyurCoro3 : A patient-reported outcomes study

Background: At the backdrop of absence of any approved treatment for COVID-19 infections, Ayurvedic treatment can be explored for its potential. AyurCoro-3 is a combination of Gomutra (bos indicus urine), hot water, turmeric, Turati churna (potassium Alum), candy sugar (khadisakhar), Bos indicus milk with two teaspoons of Go Ghrut (Ghee) with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. The present study evaluated the responses from individuals who consumed Ayurcoro-3. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out based on the participants who consumed Ayurcoro-3. Participants were asked about their reasons for taking the drug, whether as prophylaxis/treatment, duration of symptoms following the drug intake compared to baseline, their satisfaction with Ayurcoro-3, and adverse events. Results: Two thousand participants were recruited, and majority consumed Ayurcoro-3 as a prophylactic drug (1285, 64.25 %). Amongst those who were symptomatic, 317 had cough and 328 had fever, and 299 had positive RT-PCR test. The mean (SD) duration of symptoms were significantly shorter following the intake of Aurcoro-3 as follows: cough [before: 4.64 (3.26), after: 2.26 (1.34) days; p < 0.05], fever [before: 4.16(2.40), after: 2.15(1.34) days; p < 0.05], breathlessness [before: 5.56 (2.66), after: 2.30 (1.19) days; p < 0.05], and weakness [before: 5.69 (3.08), after: 2.36 (1.13) days; p < 0.05]. Majority of the participants stated that they were very satisfied with Ayurcoro-3. None of the participants reported any serious adverse reaction and only few adverse events were reported. Conclusion: We found that Ayurcoro-3 to be highly effective and safe in preventing/treating COVID-19 related symptoms and the patients are highly satisfied with the response

A prospective, multi center, single blind, randomized controlled study evaluating “AyurCoro3” as an adjuvant in the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients

Background: There is so far no proven treatment for the unprecedented COVID-19 infections. Ayurveda holds promise in the treatment of this viral infection. We carried out a randomized controlled trial of ‘AyurCoro-3’, a combination of Gomutra (Bos indicus urine), hot water, turmeric, Turati Churna (potassium Alum), candy sugar (Khadisakhar), Bos indicus milk with two teaspoons of Go Ghrut (Ghee) as an adjuvant to standard care, in comparison to standard care alone in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infections. Methods: A randomized, blinded, controlled trial was carried out in adult patients diagnosed with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infections confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Interventional group was administered single dose of ‘AyurCoro-3’ as an adjuvant with standard care, and the control group received only standard of care. Validated clinical improvement scale was used for evaluating the clinical improvement, time of resolution of presenting symptoms, duration of hospitalization, proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and functional status scale were the key outcomes. Results: One-hundred and seventy-four patients were recruited. Significantly more proportions of patients had resolution of all symptoms (cough, fever, breathlessness, weakness, and tastelessness) in the interventional group compared to control. Similarly, the interventional group also had shorter time for clinical improvement as well as shorter time of resolution for cough, breathlessness, and weakness. No significant differences were observed in the duration of hospitalization, proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, functional status scale, and adverse events between the groups. Conclusion: The Ayurvedic medicine ‘AyurCoro-3’ was observed to significantly shorten the duration of COVID-19 infections and was well tolerated