Drying Characteristics of Distillers Wet Grains Under Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles and Drying Temperature Levels

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has been shown to be an excellent livestock feed ingredient, and it is produced by the fuel ethanol industry, which is primarily located in the Midwest United States. There is a growing need to transport DDGS over long distances via rail, but this can often be hampered by poor flowability when unloading. DDGS is formed by combining condensed distillers solubles (CDS) with distillers wet grain (DWG) and then drying at high temperatures. It is hypothesized that drying conditions can affect resulting DDGS chemical, physical, and flow properties, but there is currently little quantified information about drying behavior of these coproducts. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the moisture desorption patterns of DWG for three CDS addition levels [10%, 15%, and 20% wet basis (wb)] at three drying temperatures (100°C, 200°C, and 300°C), to thus produce DDGS. Several mathematical models (Page, Newton, Pilosof, Henderson-Pabis, and others) were used to fit the observed moisture data over time. A new comprehensive model was developed for moisture ratio versus time (the best fit had R2= 0.91, SEM = 0.17) using a modified Page model which accounted for varying CDS and temperature levels. The developed model will be useful to predict moisture content values of DDGS for various drying times, CDS addition levels, and drying temperatures, and will thus be a benefit to industrial processing conditions.This article is from Applied Engineering in Agriculture 27, no. 5 (2011): 777–786.</p

Drying Kinetics of Distillers Wet Grains (DWG) Under Varying Condensed Distillers Solubles (CDS) and Temperature Levels

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a widely used animal feed. But transportation of DDGS is often troublesome because of its stickiness. DDGS is formed by combining condensed distillers solubles (CDS) with distillers wet grains (DWG) and then drying. As a first step toward understanding drying behavior, this study's objective was to investigate batch-drying kinetic behavior of DWG with three CDS addition levels (10, 15, and 20% wb) and three drying-temperature levels (100, 200, and 300°C). Multiple nonlinear mathematical models were used to fit experimental drying data for moisture content versus drying rate. A new comprehensive model was developed (R2 = 0.89, SEM = 18.60) from a modified Chen and Douglas model to incorporate CDS and drying-temperature terms. Drying temperature affected drying rate more significantly than did changes in CDS level; thus, drying temperature was the main effect and CDS was a subeffect. Increasing the drying temperature increased the drying rate significantly for all levels of CDS addition. This model can be used for predicting DWG drying behavior under broad operating conditions; it can be used to help the industry produce better DDGS, which may thus result in better DDGS handling and transport characteristics.This article is from Cereal Chemistry 88, no 5 (September/October 2011): 451–458, doi:10.1094/CCHEM-02-11-0018.</p

Drying characteristics of distillers wet grains under varying condensed distillers solubles and drying temperature levels

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has been shown to be an excellent livestock feed ingredient, and it is produced by the fuel ethanol industry, which is primarily located in the Midwest United States. There is a growing need to transport DDGS over long distances via rail, but this can often be hampered by poor flowability when unloading. DDGS is formed by combining condensed distillers solubles (CDS) with distillers wet grain (DWG) and then drying at high temperatures. It is hypothesized that drying conditions can affect resulting DDGS chemical, physical, and flow properties, but there is currently little quantified information about drying behavior of these coproducts. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the moisture desorption patterns of DWG for three CDS addition levels [10%, 15%, and 20% wet basis (wb)] at three drying temperatures (100 ° C, 200 ° C, and 300 ° C), to thus produce DDGS. Several mathematical models (Page, Newton, Pilosof, Henderson-Pabis, and others) were used to fit the observed moisture data over time. A new comprehensive model was developed for moisture ratio versus time (the best fit had R ² = 0.91, SEM = 0.17) using a modified Page model which accounted for varying CDS and temperature levels. The developed model will be useful to predict moisture content values of DDGS for various drying times, CDS addition levels, and drying temperatures, and will thus be a benefit to industrial processing conditions