Effect of Fuel Distribution on the Onset of Detonation in Gaseous Octane Air Mixture

Formation of detonation waves in a tube is a complex phenomenon and depends upon many factors like ignition energy, presence of a deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) enhancement device and spatial distribution of fuel, etc. In present study, gaseous octane-air mixtures have been examined by varying the equivalence ratio linearly along the axial direction of the detonation tube though the overall stoichiometry was maintained in the tube. Three different conditions have been modelled and studied, which includes small, moderate and large, fuel density gradient in axial direction with equivalence ratio ranging from 1 to 2 near the ignition zone. A series of simulation study have been conducted and the analysis of simulation results reveal that the DDT onset is significantly affected by the initial fuel distribution at the ignition zone as well as on fuel density gradient in a detonation tube. It has been observed thata moderate gradient in the fuel density distribution is favorable for onset of detonations. From the study of pressure plots for above mentioned conditions it has been found that the presence of large gradients in fuel density has adverse effect on the stability of detonation wave

Awareness and practices regarding post-partum diet among post-natal mothers

Background: Postnatal mothers need about 500 extra calories each day, as well as plenty of protein, calcium and fluids to stay healthy and produce nutritious breast milk. Balanced diet during puerperal period must include lean meats, high-fiber foods, low-fat dairy products and plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. Therefore, present study aims to assess the knowledge and dietary practices among the women during their puerperal period. Method: Quantitative descriptive research design was utilized to carry out the study. A sample of women during their puerperal period admitted in district hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, selected for the study using non probability convenient sampling technique. Results: Study found that 87% participants had average and poor knowledge while 82% participants had average and poor practices regarding post-partum diet during their puerperal period. Age, educational status, occupational status, monthly income, type of family, obstetrical score, source of information from T.V., book and newspaper were significantly associated with knowledge score. Religion, educational status, occupational status, monthly income, place of residence, source of information from T.V., book, newspaper, friends and relatives were significantly associated with the practice score of the participants. There was significant correlation (r=0.304) found between knowledge and practice score regarding post-partum diet among participants. Conclusions: Study concluded that there was less knowledge and poor practice among majority of the postnatal mothers regarding post-partum diet. Hence, proper awareness regarding importance of balanced post-partum diet must be given to the post-natal mothers

Pseudo-aneurysm of mitral aortic intervalvular fibrosa: Two case reports

AbstractThe fibrous body between the mitral and aortic valve, known as mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIVF) is prone to infection and injury resulting in pseudo-aneurysm formation. Because of its relative rarity, we are far from making any conclusion regarding the natural history and appropriate therapeutic strategy for this condition. We report two cases of this condition with two different and rare etiologies with strikingly different natural courses, providing insight into the natural course and timing of surgery in this rare entity

Shuttling components of nuclear import machinery involved in nuclear translocation of steroid receptors exit nucleus via exportin-1/CRM-1* independent pathway

AbstractThe nucleocytoplasmic transport processes are mediated by soluble transport factors constantly navigating between nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Our understanding about nuclear export of general ‘nuclear import factors’ that deliver the cargo to the nucleus is still fragmentary. Utilizing green fluorescent protein tagged glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and relA as our working model and with judicious use of LMB, we show in living cells that all the soluble components of the nuclear import machinery exit nucleus via exportin1/CRM1 independent pathway(s)

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY: MONITORING AND REMEDIATION OF POLLUTANTS IN AIR, WATER, AND SOIL

The purpose of this study is to determine pollutants present in air, water, and soil. Highlighting the impacts of these pollutants and ways to monitor and control these pollutants are other objectives of this research. Further, air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution are illustrated as a part of environmental pollutio

Acute encephalitis syndrome surveillance, Kushinagar district, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2011-2012

In India, quality surveillance for acute encephalitis syndrome (AES), including laboratory testing, is necessary for understanding the epidemiology and etiology of AES, planning interventions, and developing policy. We reviewed AES surveillance data for January 2011-June 2012 from Kushinagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Data were cleaned, incidence was determined, and demographic characteristics of cases and data quality were analyzed. A total of 812 AES case records were identified, of which 23\% had illogical entries. AES incidence was highest among boys<6 years of age, and cases peaked during monsoon season. Records for laboratory results (available for Japanese encephalitis but not AES) and vaccination history were largely incomplete, so inferences about the epidemiology and etiology of AES could not be made. The low-quality AES/Japanese encephalitis surveillance data in this area provide little evidence to support development of prevention and control measures, estimate the effect of interventions, and avoid the waste of public health resources