Evaluation of changes in rat fatigability and biochemical parameters after oral and intra-peritoneal administration of adenosine tri phosphate: an experimental study

Background: Adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) is an important intracellular energy source and has many extracellular functions meadiacating through purine receptors. Currently ATP is available in the market as oral dietary supplement. However there are inconclusive studies regarding its efficacy through oral route. Hence this study was carried out to evaluate efficacy of oral and intraperitoneal administration of ATP in experimental rats by comparing swim exhaust time and associated biochemical changes.Methods: 18 Swiss albino rats of either gender were grouped randomly into three groups, consisting of group -1 control group which receive distilled water (5ml/kg body weight) whereas group 2 and 3 received oral and intraperitoneal ATP (60mg/kg body weight) for 8 days. On 8th day all rats all rats were evaluated for extent of physical fatigue by using exhaustive swimming test time required to attain immobility status is noted. Under aseptic precautions blood samples were drawn from rat tail vein and biochemical parameters like uric acid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, random blood sugar and c-reactive protein levels were measured.Results: There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in serum uric acid, blood sugar and urea in Group 2and3 compared control group 1. There was no statistically significant increase in physical strength in group 2 and 3 as compared to group 1.Conclusions: Oral and intraperitoneal administration of ATP may lead to hyperglycaemia, hyperuricemia and dyslipidaemia without significant increase in muscle strength

Thyroid Status in Relation to Age and Gender - A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Thyroid disorders have become much more common in the present days and so are its resultant complications or sequelae. There are marked variations in thyroid function with age and sex, evident in all of the in vitro hormone and protein measurements. Objective: To correlate the thyroid status with age and gender. Methods: 500 subjects of all age group and both genders from the general population of Bagalkot, Karnataka were included in the study. Subjects suffering from thyroid disorders were excluded. Non-Fasting venous samples were collected from all the subjects, serum T3, T4, and TSH levels were estimated by microplate immunoenzymometric assay. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA and unpaired ‘t’ test. Results: It was observed that T3 and T4 levels declined but TSH levels raised, as the age advanced. T3 and T4 levels were lower and TSH levels higher in female subjects as compared to male subjects, in the age group of 21 – 40 years. Conclusion: The variability in the thyroid status has to be borne in mind during evaluation and treatment of thyroid disorders

Evaluation of changes in rat fatigability and biochemical parameters after oral and intra-peritoneal administration of adenosine tri phosphate: an experimental study

Background: Adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) is an important intracellular energy source and has many extracellular functions meadiacating through purine receptors. Currently ATP is available in the market as oral dietary supplement. However there are inconclusive studies regarding its efficacy through oral route. Hence this study was carried out to evaluate efficacy of oral and intraperitoneal administration of ATP in experimental rats by comparing swim exhaust time and associated biochemical changes.Methods: 18 Swiss albino rats of either gender were grouped randomly into three groups, consisting of group -1 control group which receive distilled water (5ml/kg body weight) whereas group 2 and 3 received oral and intraperitoneal ATP (60mg/kg body weight) for 8 days. On 8th day all rats all rats were evaluated for extent of physical fatigue by using exhaustive swimming test time required to attain immobility status is noted. Under aseptic precautions blood samples were drawn from rat tail vein and biochemical parameters like uric acid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, random blood sugar and c-reactive protein levels were measured.Results: There was a significant (p&lt;0.05) increase in serum uric acid, blood sugar and urea in Group 2and3 compared control group 1. There was no statistically significant increase in physical strength in group 2 and 3 as compared to group 1.Conclusions: Oral and intraperitoneal administration of ATP may lead to hyperglycaemia, hyperuricemia and dyslipidaemia without significant increase in muscle strength

Comparative study of lipid profile in non-smokers, chronic smokers, and chronic smokers with acute myocardial infarction in men

Introduction: Smoking is a major risk factor in the genesis of coronary atherosclerosis and development of coronary heart disease. Smoking may alter normal plasma lipoprotein levels. The present study was undertaken to compare the lipid profile between non- smokers (Group A) and chronic smokers (Group B) and also between chronic smokers (Group B) and chronic smokers with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Group C). Methods: Thirty six apparently healthy non- smokers, 36 apparently healthy chronic smokers and 36 chronic smokers with AMI were selected for the study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected; triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were calculated by Friedwald’s formula. Results: The lipid profile was compared between Group A and Group B and also between Group B and Group C. There was a significant rise in TG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C and significant decrease in HDL-C in Group B compared to Group A. There was a significant rise in TG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C and significant decrease in HDL-C in Group C compared to Group B. Conclusion: Smoking increases the risk of atherosis and smoking modulates the ischemic heart disease risk through gene-environment interaction. Further studies are required to ascertain the gene environment interactio