Additional file 1: of Exome-wide association study identifies genetic polymorphisms of C12orf51, MYL2, and ALDH2 associated with blood lead levels in the general Korean population

Results of exome-wide association study for screening of genetic variability for blood lead levels; Table S1. Top 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms most significantly associated with blood lead levels, as identified by the exome-wide association study; Figure S1. Regional association plot of single nucleotide polymorphisms near C12orf51 and ALDH2 genes on chromosome 12q24. (DOCX 139 kb

Associations between the haplotypes of two non-synonymous SNPs of <i>PON1</i> and the risk of lung cancer, according to smoking status

<p>^aAdjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and occupational history.</p><p>^bAdjusted for age, sex, and occupational history.</p><p>Associations between the haplotypes of two non-synonymous SNPs of <i>PON1</i> and the risk of lung cancer, according to smoking status</p

Interactions between <i>Paraoxonase 1</i> Genetic Polymorphisms and Smoking and Their Effects on Oxidative Stress and Lung Cancer Risk in a Korean Population

<div><p>Background</p><p>Few studies in epidemiology have evaluated the effects of gene-environment interaction on oxidative stress, even though this interaction is an important etiologic factor in lung carcinogenesis. We investigated the effects of the genetic polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), smoking, and the interaction between the two on lung cancer risk and oxidative stress.</p><p>Methods</p><p>This study’s subjects consisted of 416 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and an equal number of matched controls. The GoldenGate assay was used for genotypic analyses of the <i>PON1</i> gene. Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were measured as indicators of oxidative stress.</p><p>Results</p><p>The <i>PON1</i> rs662 AA genotype showed a significantly lower risk of lung cancer than the GG genotype (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36–0.99). The protective effect of the <i>PON1</i> rs662 AA genotype on lung cancer risk was limited to non-smokers. Lung cancer patients who had the rs662 A allele showed a dose-dependent association between smoking status and oxidative stress markers. Among non-smoking lung cancer patients, urinary 8-OHdG levels were significantly lower in individuals with the rs662 GA and AA genotypes than in those with the GG genotype. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction effect between <i>PON1</i> rs662 and smoking status on urinary 8-OHdG levels in lung cancer patients.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our results suggest that the protective effect of <i>PON1</i> rs662 SNP against lung carcinogenesis and the induction of oxidative stress might be modulated by the interaction between <i>PON1</i> genetic polymorphisms and tobacco smoking.</p></div

General characteristics of lung cancer cases and controls.

<p>TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; GM: geometric mean; CI: confidence intervals.</p><p>^aAdjusted for age and sex.</p><p>^bAdjusted for age, sex and smoking status.</p><p>^cIndividuals who have work experience in occupations related lung cancer risk, such as petrochemicals, construction, mining, asbestos or rockwool production, welding, electrical manufacture, plastic or rubber manufacture, smelting, and asphalt.</p><p>^dReference category is all other occupations.</p><p>General characteristics of lung cancer cases and controls.</p

Geometric means and 95% confidence intervals for urinary oxidative stress markers (A: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, B: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) according to smoking status and <i>PON1</i> rs662 SNP in lung cancer patients and controls.

<p>*Significant difference between the genotypes in non-smokers (P = 0.017), ** Significant interaction (SNP×smoking)(P = 0.025).</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of The relationship between spontaneous abortion and female workers in the semiconductor industry

Substances causing reproductive toxicity in semiconductor industry. Table S2. Characteristics of 4037 all pregnancies of female workers in the semiconductor industry. Table S3. Characteristics of 2242 first pregnancies of female workers in the semiconductor industry. Table S4. Comparison of the first job and the job held longest. (XLSX 31 kb