Palladium, Gold, and Gold–Palladium Nanoparticle-Supported Carbon Materials for Cyclohexane Oxidation

<p>Transition metal supported porous carbon materials have become a promising aspirant in energy storage, solid catalysis, and material chemistry. Palladium, gold, and gold–palladium anchored carbon composites (<b>CPC-25/170, CGC-25/170</b>, and <b>CGPC-25/170</b>) with two different sized carbon cages (∼25 and 170 nm) were constructed using nano-silica ball (NSB) as the template and a pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) based pitch residue as the carbon source. The Pd, Au, and Au–Pd doped carbon nanoreactors were characterized by various physicochemical analysis methods. The developed materials were used as heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone using H₂O₂ at room temperature (25°C) and atmospheric pressure. The most active catalyst <b>CGC-170</b> showed combined cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone yield of 7.7% after 4 h reaction time. The conversion of 2.4%, 0.05%, and 0.32% was achieved using <b>CGC-25, CGPC-25</b>, and <b>CGPC-170</b> catalysts, respectively. Recyclability of the catalysts maintains no observable loss of performance during catalytic oxidation reaction.</p

Histologic examination of inflammation and fibrosis (H&E stain, X 200).

<p>(Inf. 1) Inflammation grade 1: mild lymphocytic infiltration with several foreign body giant cells; (Inf. 2) Inflammation grade 2: moderate infiltration of neutrophils, eosinophils, and foreign body giant cells; (Inf. 3) Inflammation grade 3: marked neutrophil infiltration (abscess) along the pericardial surface. (Fib. 1) Fibrosis grade 1: loose fibrosis beneath the pericardial surface; (Fib. 2) Fibrosis grade 2: moderate fibrosis beneath the pericardial surface; (Fib. 3) Fibrosis grade 3: marked fibrosis beneath heavy leukocytic infiltration.</p

Picture of a container with the PACM and dye mixture (left panel).

<p>The containers with the mixture were scanned at a distance of 2.5ⅹ10⁻² m. A total of 27 circles (nine circles on each of three sections) with 1.0ⅹ10⁻² m diameter were drawn on each scanned image (right panel). Hounsfield units were recorded in each circle.</p

Macroscopic evaluation.

<p>A rabbit with macroscopic adhesion score 0 in group PD (left panel) and score 4 in group CO (right panel).</p

Microscopic Adhesion Score System.

<p>Microscopic Adhesion Score System.</p

Example of image design for CT evaluation (left panel), and a schematic of a CT scan of four pericardial segments (right panel).

<p>A, anterior; P, posterior; L, left; R, right.</p

Adhesion Score System for Macroscopic Evaluation.

<p>Adhesion Score System for Macroscopic Evaluation.</p

High-Performance Solid-State PbS Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells Prepared by Introduction of Hybrid Perovskite Interlayer

High-performance solid-state PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QD-SSCs) with stable 9.2% power conversion efficiency at 1 Sun condition are demonstrated by introduction of hybrid perovskite interlayer. The PbS QDs formed on mesoscopic TiO₂ (mp-TiO₂) by spin-assisted successive precipitation and anionic exchange reaction method do not exhibit PbSO₄ but have PbSO₃ oxidation species. By introducing perovskite interlayer in between mp-TiO₂/PbS QDs and poly-3-hexylthiophene, the PbSO₃ oxidation species are fully removed in the PbS QDs and thereby the efficiency of PbS QD-SSCs is enhanced over 90% compared to the pristine PbS QD-SSCs

Predictive factors for missed adenoma on repeat colonoscopy in patients with suboptimal bowel preparation on initial colonoscopy: A KASID multicenter study

<div><p>Suboptimal bowel preparation can result in missed colorectal adenoma that can evolve into interval colorectal cancer. This study aims to identify the predictive factors associated with missed adenoma on repeat colonoscopy in patients with suboptimal bowel preparation at initial colonoscopy. A total of 441 patients with suboptimal bowel preparation on initial colonoscopy and who had repeat colonoscopy within two years were included from 2007 to 2014 in six tertiary hospitals. Suboptimal bowel preparation was defined as ‘poor’ according to the Aronchick scale or a score ≤ 1 in at least one segment or total score < 6 according to the Boston bowel preparation scale. Of 441 patients, mean age at initial colonoscopy was 59.1 years, and 69.2% patients were male. The mean interval from initial to repeat colonoscopy was 14.1 months. The per-patient adenoma miss rate (AMR) was 42.4% for any adenoma and 5.4% for advanced adenoma. When the association between baseline clinical characteristics and missed lesions on repeat colonoscopy was analyzed, dyslipidemia (odds ratio [OR], 5.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–23.66; <i>P</i> = 0.034), and high-risk adenoma (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 1.12–17.68; <i>P</i> = 0.034) on initial colonoscopy were independent risk factors for missed advanced adenoma. In patients with suboptimal bowel preparation, dyslipidemia and high-risk adenoma on initial colonoscopy were independently predictive of missed advanced adenoma on repeat colonoscopy.</p></div

Clinical factors at initial colonoscopy predictive of any missed adenoma of repeat colonoscopy.

<p>Clinical factors at initial colonoscopy predictive of any missed adenoma of repeat colonoscopy.</p