2 research outputs found

    Stress och akrolin - ett irriterande Àmne : PÄverkan av akrolin pÄ symptomförekomst bland hög- och lÄgstressade personer med sjÀlvrapporterad god hÀlsa

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    ÖverkĂ€nslighet mot kemiska Ă€mnen i vĂ„r omgivning skapar hĂ€lsoproblem som ”sick building syndrome” samt ”multiple chemical sensitivity”. BĂ„da tros kunna starta efter lĂ„ngvarig lĂ„gdos-exponering av kemikalier som till slut resulterar i en överkĂ€nslighet. Symptombilden Ă€r blandad och diagnostiseringen svĂ„r. Bland annat stress verkar vara en pĂ„verkande faktor liksom det kemestetiska hudsinnet. Studiens syfte var att undersöka ett eventuellt samband mellan upplevd stressnivĂ„ och akrolins pĂ„verkan pĂ„ symptomförekomst. Sjutton personer med sjĂ€lvrapporterad god hĂ€lsa grupperades som hög- eller lĂ„gstressade baserat pĂ„ Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Symptom skattades med Borg-CR100 skalan vid tvĂ„ exponeringstillfĂ€llen med akrolin respektive heptan. Resultaten visade bland annat pĂ„ ett samband mellan stressnivĂ„ och symptomskattning före och efter exponering, trots sjĂ€lvupplevd god hĂ€lsa och lĂ„gdosexponering i 15 minuter.Hypersensitivity to chemicals in our environment causes health problems like “sick building syndrome” and “multiple chemical sensitivity”. Both are believed to develop after long-term low-dose exposure to chemicals that eventually results in a hypersensitivity. Symptoms are diverse and mixed and diagnozing is difficult. Among other things, stress seems to be an influencing factor as well as the chemesthetic sensory system. The study’s purpose was to investigate a possible relationship between perceived stress level and the impact of acrolein on perceived health. Seventeen persons with self-reported good health were grouped either as high or low in stress based on Perceived Stress Questionnaire . Symptoms were estimated with the Borg CR100 scale during two sessions to acrolein and heptane. The results show, among other things, an association between stress level and symptom-estimation before and after exposure, despite self-perceived good health and low-dose exposure during 15 minutes.  

    Ensamhet och exekutiva funktioner hos Àldre.

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    Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om det finns nÄgot samband mellan upplevd ensamhet och exekutiva funktioner hos Àldre. Urvalet bestod av 98 ÄlderspensionÀrer mellan 65 och 75 Är. Upplevd ensamhet mÀttes med Three-Item Loneliness Scale (TILS). Exekutiva funktioner mÀttes med nio olika test som avsÄg mÀta de tre processerna inhibering, shifting och uppdatering. Inhibering mÀttes med testerna Flanker, Simon och Stroop. Shifting mÀttes med Local Global, Color Shape och Number Letter. Uppdatering mÀttes med Letter Memory, Matrix Monitoring och Numerical 2-back. Andel korrekta svar samt responstid anvÀndes som utfallsvariabler. Data analyserades med hjÀlp av korrelationsanalyser dÀr signifikanta samband analyserades vidare i hierarkiska regressionsanalyser. Resultatet visade pÄ ett signifikant samband mellan upplevd ensamhet och responstid för Number Letter, dÀr högre skattad ensamhet var associerad med lÀngre responstid. Ensamhet förklarade 4% av variansen i responstid. Denna uppsats ger dÀrmed stöd Ät att det verkar finnas ett samband mellan upplevd ensamhet och nedsatt prestation bland vissa exekutiva funktioner, i detta fall shifting mÀtt genom responstid för Number Letter. Framtida studier bör undersöka detta vidare. Detta blir sÀrskilt relevant med tanke pÄ att vÀrldens befolkning blir allt Àldre, tillsammans med det faktum att mÄnga Àldre upplever ensamhet. Om upplevd ensamhet Àr associerad med försÀmrade exekutiva funktioner kan interventioner som syftar till att minska ensamheten vara till stor nytta bÄde för den enskilda individen och samhÀllet i stort.The aim of this paper was to investigate whether there are any associations between perceived loneliness and executive functions in older people. Participants consisted of 98 senior citizens between the ages of 65 and 75. Perceived loneliness was measured with the Three-Item Loneliness Scale (TILS). Executive functions were measured with nine different tests aimed at measuring the three processes of inhibition, shifting and updating. Inhibition was measured with Flanker, Simon and Stroop task. Shifting was measured with Local Global, Color Shape and Number Letter task. Updating was measured with Letter Memory, Matrix Monitoring and Numerical 2-back task. Proportion of correct answers as well as response time were used as dependent variables. Data was analysed by correlation analyses where significant correlations were further analysed in hierarchical regressions. Results showed a significant association between perceived loneliness and response time in the Number Letter task; higher reported loneliness was associated with longer response time. Loneliness explained 4% of the variance in response time. This paper thus supports that there appears to be an association between perceived loneliness and reduced performance in certain executive functions, in this case shifting as measured through response time in the Number Letter task. Future studies should investigate this further. This becomes particularly relevant considering that the world's population is getting older, along with the fact that many elderly experience loneliness. If perceived loneliness is associated with deteriorating executive functions, interventions aimed at reducing loneliness may be of great benefit both to individuals and society as a whole
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