50 research outputs found
Vegetarijanska prehrana u djeÄjem vrtiÄu grada Rijeke
Vegetarijanska prehrana, kao navika steÄena u djetinjstvu, može smanjiti rizik od kroniÄnih bolesti u odraslo doba. Prehrana u predÅ”kolskoj ustanovi ima utjecaj ne samo na prehrambeni status djeteta, veÄ i na usvajanje pravilnih prehrambenih navika, a nadziranje prehrane jedan je od zadataka javnog zdravstva. Cilj ovog rada bio je ocijeniti kakvoÄu prehrane u djeÄjem vrtiÄu grada Rijeke koji priprema lakto-ovo vegetarijanski tip prehrane u odnosu na preporuke Prehrambenog standarda za planiranje prehrane u djeÄjim vrtiÄima. Analizirana su 32 cjelodnevna obroka hrane, uzorkovana tijekom metodom duplih obroka Äetiri puta godiÅ”nje u posljednjih osam godina. Dobiveni rezultati energetske i hranjive vrijednosti cjelodnevnih obroka usporeÄeni su s preporukama Prehrambenog standarda. ProsjeÄna energetska vrijednost i koliÄina bjelanÄevina cjelodnevnih obroka bila je neÅ”to niža od preporuka, dok su energetski udjeli hranjivih tvari bili unutar preporuka, u fizioloÅ”kom omjeru. ProsjeÄna koliÄina kalcija i vitamina B2 bila je zadovoljavajuÄa zbog zastupljenosti mlijeÄnih proizvoda, kao i koliÄina željeza zbog zastupljenosti raznovrsnih namirnica biljnog porijekla. Rezultati osmogodiÅ”nje analize prehrane prosjeÄno su zadovoljili preporuke Prehrambenog standarda, zbog zastupljenosti mlijeÄnih proizvoda i jaja, kao i raznovrsnih namirnica karakteristiÄnih za vegetarijansku prehranu. Ovakvi rezultati posljedica su dobro planiranog jelovnika. Usvajanje pravilnih prehrambenih navika u djece predÅ”kolske dobi briga je javnog zdravstva, stoga je važno nadzirati im prehranu, te podržati veÄu zastupljenost mlijeÄnih proizvoda u prehrani predÅ”kolske djece, osobito u ustanovi koja koristi vegetarijanski tip prehrane.
Zastupljenost mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda u uÄeniÄkom domu Grada Rijeke
Zbog prevencije zdravstvenih problema u odrasloj dobi, jedan od zadataka javnog zdravstva je ispitivanje i ocjena prehrambenih navika mladih. Kako bi se stvorile pravilne prehrambene navike i smanjili rizici od oboljenja uzrokovanih nedostatkom kalcija u organizmu, mlijeko i mlijeÄni proizvodi, kao vrlo znaÄajan izvor kalcija, trebaju biti zastupljeni u veÄem omjeru od preporuka u svakodnevnoj prehrani mladih. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi i ocijeniti zastupljenost mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda u ponudi cjelodnevnih obroka uÄeniÄkog doma u Rijeci. Analizom 56 cjelodnevnih obroka dobiveni su rezultati tjedne i dnevne zastupljenosti mlijeka i mlijeÄnih obroka, te njihova energetska i hranjiva vrijednost. Mlijeko i mlijeÄni proizvodi u cjelodnevnoj ponudi uÄeniÄkog doma bili su prosjeÄno zastupljeni u 2 serviranja, Äime je ostvarena prosjeÄna koliÄina kalcija od 1036.22mg/dan, Å”to je gotovo 80% od DRI preporuka za unos kalcija za mlade dobi 15 do18 godina. ProsjeÄnom energetskom vrijednosti od mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda, dobiveno je 17.7% od cjelodnevnog unosa energije, Å”to zadovoljava preporuÄenih 20%. Mlijeko, ukljuÄujuÄi kakao i bijelu kavu, bilo je najÄeÅ”Äe ponuÄeni mlijeÄni proizvod. Navike konzumiranja mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda u preporuÄenoj koliÄini od 2 do 3 serviranja dnevno Äini pravilne prehrambene navike u pogledu smanjenja rizika od oboljenja uzrokovanih nedostatkom kalcija u organizmu, osobito bitnog za djevojke. Dobivena zastupljenost mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda od prosjeÄno 2 serviranja rezultat je dobro planiranog jelovnika. Uz planiranu prehranu, važna je i edukacija mladih tijekom Å”kolovanja o važnosti konzumiranja visokovrijedne namirnice poput mlijeka i mlijeÄnih proizvoda
Zdravstvena kontrola prehrane u djeÄjim vrtiÄima grada Rijeke
Hrana je neophodna za održavanje fizioloÅ”kih potreba organizma. Pravilna prehrana djece je od presudne važnosti zbog ubrzanog rasta i razvoja, te poveÄane potrebe za energijom i prehrambenim tvarima. Cilj rada bio je ocijeniti zdravstvenu kontrolu prehrane u posljednjih deset godina u djeÄjim vrtiÄima grada Rijeke. Metodom duplih obroka uzorkovani su cjelodnevni obroci hrane Å”est puta godiÅ”nje u pet djeÄjih vrtiÄa (n =300). ProsjeÄna energetska vrijednost obroka iznosila je 85% preporuka Prehrambenog standarda za planiranje prehrane u djeÄjim vrtiÄima. ProsjeÄna zastupljenost prehrambenih tvari (bjelanÄevina, masti i ugljikohidrata) u energetskoj strukturi obroka bila je u preporuÄenom omjeru za prehranu djece predÅ”kolske dobi. ProsjeÄni dnevni unos biljnih vlakana je bio unutar preporuka. Prehrana u djeÄjim vrtiÄima grada Rijeke bila je u skladu s preporukama. Zbog važnosti pravilne prehrane u djece predÅ”kolske dobi preporuÄujemo daljnje praÄenje prehrane, te edukaciju svih ljudi u radu s djecom
The association between the Mediterranean diet and high physical activity among the working population in Croatia
BACKGROUND:
Unhealthy eating habits and physical inactivity constitute an emerging public health problem. The working population is of special interest for public health monitoring and evaluation because workers' unhealthy lifestyles may lead to reduced work ability. The aim of this study was to determine diet quality and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), according to the level of physical activity, and to detect variables associated with the working population's being highly physically active.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
At the Institute for Occupational Medicine 400 full-time workers were examined for obesity factors, filled in the short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short) and a validated food frequency questionnaire for adherence to the Mediterranean diet using Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). The workers were divided into low, moderate and high physical activity groups according to the IPAQ-short scoring protocol. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to determine the variables associated with being highly active.
RESULTS:
One-third of the participants were highly physically active and their diet adhered to the MD (MeMDS = 7). Significant variables associated with a high level of physical activity were gender (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.02), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (p < 0.001), sitting level (p = 0.044) and occupational type (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
It was found that the participants displaying a high level of physical activity had a better quality diet that adhered to the Mediterranean diet but not to a significant degree. The variables associated with a high level of physical activity were male gender, younger age, normal WHR, non-sedentary occupation and reduced sitting time. The study findings could serve the purpose of improving future public health promotion of physical activity and the Mediterranean diet. Med Pr. 2019;70(2)
The Effect of Nutrition Knowledge on Dietary Intake among Croatian University Students
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intakes among university students. The students (264 males and 741 females) were asked to answer a validated General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire and to fulfil a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Gender, university status (freshmen, juniors, seniors) and eating arrangements (home, restaurants, self-cooking) were used as predictors of the relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake. The findings indicated that women (p=0.008), senior students (p<0.001) and those who prepare food for themselves (p=0.038) have higher nutrition knowledge scores. The assessment of nutrition knowledge had parallels in dietary intake, and adherence to the dietary recommendations was significantly associated with nutrition knowledge scores (p<0.001). Regression analysis showed differences in daily intakes of grains (p<0.001), meat and beans group (p<0.001), vegetables (p<0.001), fruits (p=0.002) and oils (p<0.001) in relation to all predictors. However, nutrition knowledge acted as a modifier of the influence of eating arrangements. Logistic regression has shown that students with the highest nutrition knowledge are twelve times more likely to have a diet in accordance to recommendations compared to students with the lowest level of knowledge ([OR]=12.03, 95% [CI]=6.64ā21.79, p<0.001). The results support the value of including nutrition knowledge in health education campaigns targeting the student population with the aim of improving their dietary intake
Implementation of Program of Prevention and Early Detection of Osteoporosis among Women of Primorsko-goranska County
The aim of this paper is to present preliminary data of Program of prevention and early detection of osteoporosis
among women in Primorsko-goranska County. Osteoporosis is recognized as a public health problem for which clearly
preventive measures are defined. Measurement of bone density was done by ultrasound densitometry of the calcaneus
among women aged from 45 to 69 years old. 688 women were examined and they were classified in five five-year age
groups. The women with the osteoporosis (T-score 2.5) were 141; osteopenia (T-score from ā2.5 to ā1) were found in 400
women, and those with normal range of T-score were 147. All of five groups of women had T-score in range of osteopenia
(T-score 1). A statistically significant difference was between the first and fourth groups of women (p=0.002) and the
second and fourth groups (p=0.001). After examination, depending on the value of T-score, women were recommended to
visit family doctor and they also got educative booklet with advices for healthy nutrition and physical activity. Implementation
of this program indicated the importance of proper lifestyle in the prevention of osteoporosis. Average T-scores of
all five groups of women show that osteopenia occurs also in the youngest ones. This indicates the need for a systematic
approach to preventing osteoporosis through education of women including younger ones and creating conditions for organized
physical activities at the community level