Image Compression using an efficient hybrid algorithm

This research paper proposes a method for the compression of medical images using an efficient hybrid algorithm. The objective of this hybrid (DWT,DCT and Huffman quantization) scheme is to calculate the compression ratio, peak signal to noise ratio and mean square error by changing the DWT level and Huffman quantization factor. The goal is to achieve higher compression ratio by applying different compression thresholds for the wavelet coefficient of each DWT band and then DCT with varying Huffman quantization factor while preserving the quality of reconstructed image. First DWT and DCT is applied on individual components RGB. After applying this image is quantized using Huffman quantization to calculate probability index for each unique quantity so as to find out the unique binary code for each unique symbol for their encoding

Perception of educational ambiance among undergraduate medical students at Geetanjali Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

Background: The quality of education provided by any institution depends on many factors and perception of all the stakeholders involved in it. The students are the most important stake holders and their perception means a lot in shaping and refining the standards of medical education. There are many tools to find out the students perception about the educational ambience and DREEM’s questionnaire is one such tool, which is valid and reliable. It has been used by many institutes in India and abroad to find the students perception but its use in this region was not reported.Methods: The students of first and second MBBS were divided into groups FY and SY, using the validated DREEM questionnaire. The data obtained from the two groups was analysed using Levene’s test of variance in SPSS version 16. A p-value less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: The students from both the batches participated in study with n=130 and 64 in group FY and SY respectively. Group FY feels significantly (p=0.08) more positive about educational environment as compared to group SY with total score 118.39 and 112. 46 out of 200 respectively, for group FY and SY. Both groups are highly positive about their perception of learning and academic self-perception whereas they are not satisfied with their social self-perception.Conclusions: The study concludes that the first MBBS students have better perception of educational environment as compared to second MBBS and the unsatisfactory social self-perception could hint towards much needed curricular reform for holistic development of our young professional

A scientific validation of In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Punica granatum L. by human red blood cell membrane stabilization

Background: In recent years there has been growing interest in therapeutic use of natural products, especially those derived from plants. P. granatum is very common dietary ingredient in many parts of India and has remarkable biological and medicinal properties.Methods: In the present study, the methanolic extract of fruit peels of Punica granatum Linn. (MEPG) were investigated for anti-inflammatory activity by simple, reliable, less toxic and less time consuming HRBC membrane stabilization method. The presentation of hypo tonicity induced HRBC membrane lysis was taken a measure of anti-inflammatory activity. Their activities were compared with standard drug diclofenac.Results: The results of the study demonstrated that P. granatum contains active constituents, which possess anti-inflammatory activity which is probably related to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.Conclusions: It is concluded that methanolic extract of P. granatum fruit peel possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity and this is a possible rationale for its folkloric use as an anti-inflammatory agent

Pyocolpos at puberty: a very rare entity

This is a case report of a 12 year girl who reported with a H/O incomplete bladder evacuation & burning in micturition since one month, urinary incontinence once only. She had no abdominal pain or fever & had not attained menarche. The stature was short, thelarche attained 4 months back. No bulge in abdomen. Other general examination features normal. Urine examination was normal. USG suggested hematocolpos with imperforate hymen. On this basis local examination was done. Imperforate hymen with otherwise normal external genitalia found. Pubic & axillary hair absent. Preoperative diagnosis was imperforate hymen & hematocolpos with ? androgen insensitivity syndrome. She could not afford serum DHEAS levels. With this diagnosis it was worrisome to think that patient had attained menarche (cryptomenorrhoea) with androgen insensitivity as pubic & axillary hair had not appeared even after the presumed menarche, which should have appeared well before menarche. Her short stature was also not expected to change after menarche. Hymenotomy under GA done, 490 ml of mucopurulent discharge was drained. Postoperative period uneventful. Now she is expected to have a growthspurt, adrenarche & menarche. In prepubertal girls with urinary complains, the possibility of imperforate hymen with hematocolpos/pyocolpos should be considered as differential diagnosis. Incorporating an examination of external genitalia into routine practice of clinicians caring for children can prevent the significant delay in the diagnosis of imperforate hymen

Solid waste management need & implementation in Raipur, Chhattisgarh

The municipal government is generally the agency responsible for implementing municipal solid waste management programs and facilities, proactive communities often take an active role in solid waste management planning. Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) is a comprehensive waste prevention, recycling, composting, and disposal program. An effective Integrated Solid Waste Management system considers how to prevent, recycle, and manage solid waste in ways that most effectively protect health and the environment

The protective effect of L. siceraria against depression using behavioural despair animal models

Background: In recent years, the search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illness was significantly progressed. The present study was performed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria in animal models.Methods: The antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of the fruit of L. siceraria in rats was assessed using forced swim test and tail suspension test. Imipramine at 15 mg/kg was used as standard antidepressant drug.Results: The ethanolic extract of L. siceraria fruit (EELS) was significantly and dose-dependently reduced the duration of immobility after repeated treatment for 7 days in Forced swim test and Tail suspension Test. But combination of L. siceraria (200mg/kg) with Imipramine gave a highly significant result (p<0.001) in reduction of immobility duration and the effect of high dose (400mg/kg) with imipramine (15mg/kg) did not decrease the duration of immobility period in both animal models at end of the study. In this work the dose of 400mg/kg afforded more protection than the imipramine.Conclusions: The results obtained from this study was indicate that the antidepressant activity of L. siseraria