Optimising postoperative pain management in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

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Diagnostic differentiel du syndrome "piro-like" chez les équidés

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Prolonged Recovery From General Anesthesia Possibly Related to Persistent Hypoxemia in a Draft Horse

Horses are susceptible to developing large areas of pulmonary atelectasis during recumbency and anesthesia. The subsequent pulmonary shunt is responsible for significant impairment of oxygenation. Since ventilation perfusion mismatch persists into the post-operative period, hypoxemia remains an important concern in the recovery stall. This case report describes the diagnosis and supportive therapy of persistent hypoxemia in a 914 kg draft horse after isoflurane anesthesia. It highlights how challenging it can be to deal with hypoxemia after disconnection from the anesthesia machine and how life-threatening it can become if refractory to treatment. Furthermore, it stresses the point on the interactions between hypoxemia and other factors, such as residual drug effects and hypothermia, that should also be considered in the case of delayed recovery from general anesthesia

Liječenje iznenadne bradikardije i arterijske hipotenzije tijekom ekscizije feokromocitoma u psa – prikaz slučaja

An 11-year-old female spayed Shih Tzu was presented with a history of weight loss, lethargy and a heart murmur. After extensive diagnostics, an adrenal mass was discovered, suspected to be a pheochromocytoma, and surgical excision was planned. During anesthesia, no signs of catecholamine discharge were seen. However, sudden bradycardia and hypotension occurred, necessitating anticholinergic therapy. Such therapy is usually contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma due to the risk of significant tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, and arterial hypertension. No adverse effects were noted, and the dog recovered uneventfully from the procedure.Sterilizirana ženka pasmine ši-cu, starosti 11 godina, zaprimljena je zbog gubitka težine, letargije i srčanog šuma. Nakon opsežne dijagnostike, otkrivena je tvorba na nadbubregu te je postavljena sumnja na feokromocitom i planirana je njegova kirurška ekscizija. Tijekom anestezije nisu uočeni znakovi otpuštanja katekolamina. Naprotiv, nastupile su iznenadna bradikardija i hipotenzija, koje su zahtijevale terapiju antikolinergicima. Takva je terapija obično kontraindicirana u bolesnika s feokromocitomom zbog rizika razvoja tahikardije, srčanih aritmija i arterijske hipertenzije. Nisu primijećeni nikakvi štetni učinci terapije antikolinergikom, niti postoperativne komplikacije

Determination of lidocaine and its two N-desethylated metabolites in dog and horse plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

peer reviewedA sensitive method for the quantification of lidocaine and its metabolites, monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), in animal plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is described. The sample preparation includes a liquid-liquid extraction with methyl tert-butylmethyl ether after addition of 2 M sodium hydroxide. Ethyl methylglycinexylidide (EMGX) is used as an internal standard. For chromatographic separation, an ODS Hypersil column was used. Isocratic elution was achieved with 0.0 1 M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as mobile phases. Good linearity was observed in the range of 2.5-1000 ng ml(-1) for lidocame in both dog and horse plasma. For MEGX, linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 5-1000 ng ml(-1) and 20-1000 ng ml(-1) for dog and horse plasma, respectively. In dog and horse plasma good linearity was observed in the range of 200-1500 ng ml(-1) for GX. The limit of quantification (LOQ) in dog plasma for lidocaine, MEGX and GX was set at 2.5 ng ml(-1), 20 ng ml(-1) and 200 ng ml(-1), respectively. For horse plasma a limit of quantification of 2.5 ng ml(-1), 5 ng ml(-1) and 200 ng ml(-1) was achieved for lidocaine, MEGX and GX, respectively. In dog plasma, the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.8 ng ml(-1), 2.3 ng ml(-1) and 55 ng ml(-1) for lidocaine, MEGX and GX, respectively. In horse plasma the LOD's found for lidocame, MEGX and GX, were 1.1 ng ml(-1), 0.5 ng ml(-1) and 13 ng ml(-1), respectively. The method was shown to be of use in pharmacokinetic studies after application of a transdermal patch in dogs and after an intravenous infusion in horses. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Speed of sound measurements in the evaluation of bone properties in Holstein

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Proceedings 3rd ECVSMR congress

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Effects of a Single Opioid Dose on Gastrointestinal Motility in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): Comparisons among Morphine, Butorphanol, and Tramadol

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of single doses of butorphanol, morphine, and tramadol on gastrointestinal motility in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) using non-invasive imaging methods, such as radiographic barium follow through and ultrasonographic contraction counts. Time-lapse radiographic and ultrasound examinations were performed before and after a single intramuscular dose of 5 mg kg−1 butorphanol, 10 mg kg−1 morphine, or 10 mg kg−1 tramadol. Pyloric and duodenal contraction counts by ultrasonography and radiographic repletion scores for the stomach and caecum were analysed using a mixed linear model. No significant effect was noted on ultrasound examinations of pyloric and duodenal contractions after administration of an opioid treatment. Morphine had a significant effect on the stomach and the caecum repletion scores, whereas butorphanol had a significant effect only on the caecum repletion score. Tramadol had no significant effect on the stomach or caecum repletion scores. The present findings suggest that a single dose of 5 mg kg−1 butorphanol or 10 mg kg−1 morphine temporarily slows gastrointestinal transit in healthy rabbits, preventing physiological progression of the alimentary bolus without the induction of ileus. In contrast, a single dose of 10 mg kg−1 tramadol has no such effect