List of the Lepidoptera of Black Sturgeon Lake, Northwestern Ontario, and Dates of Adult Occurrence

From May to September each year from 1960 through 1968, a collection of Lepidoptera was made at Black Sturgeon Lake, northwestern Ontario, from speci­ mens captured in a light trap and from specimens netted during the day. A total of 564 species was recorded from 70 families. A list of the species with dates of capture is presented

The Youth Transitions Study: Final Report

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Bounding quantum gate error rate based on reported average fidelity

Remarkable experimental advances in quantum computing are exemplified by recent announcements of impressive average gate fidelities exceeding 99.9% for single-qubit gates and 99% for two-qubit gates. Although these high numbers engender optimism that fault-tolerant quantum computing is within reach, the connection of average gate fidelity with fault-tolerance requirements is not direct. Here we use reported average gate fidelity to determine an upper bound on the quantum-gate error rate, which is the appropriate metric for assessing progress towards fault-tolerant quantum computation, and we demonstrate that this bound is asymptotically tight for general noise. Although this bound is unlikely to be saturated by experimental noise, we demonstrate using explicit examples that the bound indicates a realistic deviation between the true error rate and the reported average fidelity. We introduce the Pauli distance as a measure of this deviation, and we show that knowledge of the Pauli distance enables tighter estimates of the error rate of quantum gates.Comment: New Journal of Physics Fast Track Communication. Gold open access journa

Advanced post-saturn earth launch vehicle study executive summary report

Advanced post-Saturn earth launch vehicle design and chemonuclear propulsion system performanc

Rapidity and pt dependence of identified-particle elliptic flow at RHIC

Elliptic flow has been measured by the BRAHMS experiment as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for the Au+Au reaction at sqrt[s_{NN}] = 200 GeV. Identified-particle v2 (eta, pt) values were obtained with the two BRAHMS spectrometers at pseudorapidities eta approximately equal to 0, 1, and 3.4. The results show that the differential v2(eta, pt) values for a given particle type are essentially constant over the covered pseudorapidity range. It is suggested that the dominant cause of the observed fall-off of the integral v2 values going away from mid-rapidity is a corresponding softening of the particle spectra .Comment: 4 pages, 2figure, Quark Matter 2006 parallel session contributio

On the shell equations in complex form

Formulation of general equations of linear thin shell theory in terms of complex combinations of dependent variable

Enrichment in the Centaurus cluster of galaxies

We perform a detailed spatially-resolved, spectroscopic, analysis of the core of the Centaurus cluster of galaxies using a deep Chandra X-ray observation and XMM-Newton data. The Centaurus cluster core has particularly high metallicity, upto twice Solar values, and we measure the abundances of Fe, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca and Ni. We map the distribution of these elements in many spatial regions,and create radial profiles to the east and west of the centre. The ratios of the most robustly determined elements to iron are consistent with Solar ratios, indicating that there has been enrichment by both Type Ia and Type II supernovae. For a normal initial stellar mass function it represents the products of about 4x10^10 solar masses of star formation. This star formation can have occured either continuously at a rate of 5 solar masses per year for the past 8 Gyr or more,or was part of the formation of the central galaxy at earlier times. Either conclusion requires that the inner core of the Centaurus cluster has not suffered a major disruption within the past 8 Gyr, or even longer.Comment: 15 pages, accepted by MNRA