Charakterisierung von Zellmembranipiden der hyperthermophilen Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius mittels HPTLC und MS

Abweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers8

The relationship between coined and Szegedy-type quantum walks

Since their inception at the end of the 1990s, quantum walks have proven to be a valuable concept for constructing quantum algorithms that surpass their classical counterparts in terms of runtime complexity. Quantum walks can be thought of as the 'quantum analogue' of random walks, and hence several different ways of constructing them have been devised. The goal of this thesis is a self-contained introduction to the theory of quantum walks, their applications and interrelations. We will first review the necessary mathematics and physics and introduce what we mean by a quantum walk. Then we establish two seemingly very different methodologies for performing quantum walks in discrete time, namely coin- and Szegedy walks, and apply them to graph traversing and searching problems. In both cases, a speedup over classical algorithms is achieved. In the final part of the thesis, we will examine the connection of the two different quantum walks by finding conditions, when they directly correspond to each other. We furthermore use this connection in order to numerically investigate the stability of the quantum speedup for hypercube traversing.Michael SandbichlerUniversity of Innsbruck, Masterarbeit, 2016(VLID)138513

Gegenstände der öffentlichen Vertheidigung aus allen Theilen der Rechts- und politischen Wissenschaften, welcher sich nach bestandenen strengen Prüfungen zur Erlangung der juridischen Doctors-Würde an der k. k. Leopold-Franzens-Universität zu Innsbruck Florian Sandbichler aus Sillian unterziehen wird : am 25. Jänner 1832 Vormittags um 10 Uhr

(VLID)346589

Cadmium Protection Strategies—A Hidden Trade-Off?

Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential transition metal which is introduced into the biosphere by various anthropogenic activities. Environmental pollution with Cd poses a major health risk and Cd toxicity has been extensively researched over the past decades. This review aims at changing the perspective by discussing protection mechanisms available to counteract a Cd insult. Antioxidants, induction of antioxidant enzymes, and complexation of Cd to glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) are the most potent protective measures to cope with Cd-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, protection mechanisms include prevention of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitophagy and metabolic stress, as well as expression of chaperones. Pre-exposure to Cd itself, or co-exposure to other metals or trace elements can improve viability under Cd exposure and cells have means to reduce Cd uptake and improve Cd removal. Finally, environmental factors have negative or positive effects on Cd toxicity. Most protection mechanisms aim at preventing cellular damage. However, this might not be possible without trade-offs like an increased risk of carcinogenesis