Regional Polymorphism Assessment of Myanmar ‘Sein Ta Lone’ Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) from Sintgaing Township Based on Microsatellite Markers

This study was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and relationship of Sein Ta Lone mango cultivars among 20 commercial orchards in Sintgaing Township, Mandalay region. Nine microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to detect genetic polymorphism in a range from (3 to 6) alleles with (4.33) alleles per marker in average. Six out of nine microsatellite markers gave the PIC values of greater than (0.5). Among them, SSR36 held the highest PIC values of (0.691) while MiSHRS39 and MN85 possessed the least PIC values of (0.368) and (0.387) respectively. The genetic diversity was expressed as unbiased expected heterozygosity (UHe) value with an average of (0.561). The genetic relationship was revealed by (UPGMA) dendrogram in a range of (0.69 to 1.00). Based on UPGMA cluster analysis, three main clusters were classified among three different locations. This study was intended to help cultivar characterization and conservation for proper germplasm management with the estimation of genetic variation and relationship in the existing population of Sein Ta Lone mangoes in Sintgaing Township by microsatellite markers. &nbsp

What are the possible future research directions for bank’s credit risk assessment research? A systematic review

Banking prudence and efficiency to manage their risks in different business cycle and environment would help to alleviate crises and losses. Hence, the effective assessment of credit risk is an essential component of a comprehensive technique to credit risk assessment and critical to the long-run of not only banking institutions but also the economy as a whole. Therefore, it has received a great interest from scholars across finance and economics to investigate such assessments by banks in different countries using diverse theoretical underpinnings and methodologies. Hence, this paper is developed to review analytical conceptualisations of credit risks assessments that have been developed in the academic literature. By means of a systematic review, it provides a comprehensive analysis that encompasses approaches used in research papers. There has been no prior review on analytical conceptualisations in this area. Moreover, this review is done in a systematic manner, i.e. categorising journal articles into different categories such as purposes, perspectives and methodologies through a transparent and thorough process. Thus, it will be able to provide an objective review. Finally, the paper will outline the evolution of methodologies and theoretical underpinnings in credit risk management research and a landscape for possible future research direction

Corpus-based Data for Determining the Vocabulary Found in the ICLH Research Articles Written by Myanmar Researchers

This study explores the use of the lexical words in the academic articles written by the Myanmar scholars in the English language. The lexical words, the vocabulary, is regarded as one of the main features in academic writing. The purpose of the study is to develop a list of the most frequent vocabulary used by the Myanmar researchers in the field of language teaching and social sciences and compared it with the lists of West's (1953) General Service (GSL) and Coxhead's (2000) Academic Word Lists (AWL). The corpus approximately 170,000 running words was build using the 39 academic research articles, written by Myanmar scholars, presented at the 1st International Conference on Languages and Humanities (ICLH) which was hold at Yangon University of Foreign Languages in 2020. The lists of the frequent words found in respective levels of GSL and AWL were developed. The analysis revealed that the top 20 frequent words included 18 basic words and only two academic words. The results also show that, amongst 2000 word families of GSL, 731 word families occurred frequently in the articles with the coverage of 79% of the tokens in the corpus. For academic words, among 570, only 96 word families with the coverage of 9 % of the all tokens were found as the frequent words in the research articles. It is hoped that the construction of the lists will definitely provide the Myanmar researchers the knowledge on the use of vocabulary in academic writing of the research articles in the English language

Determination of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes in Anogenital Cancers in Myanmar

Molecular and epidemiologic investigations suggest a causal role for human papillomavirus (HPV) in anogenital cancers. This study identified oncogenic HPV genotypes in anogenital cancers among men and women in a 2013 cross-sectional descriptive study in Myanmar. In total, 100 biopsy tissues of histologically confirmed anogenital cancers collected in 2008-2012 were studied, including 30 penile and 9 anal cancers from Yangon General Hospital and 61 vulvar cancers from Central Women's Hospital, Yangon. HPV-DNA testing and genotyping were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Overall, 34% of anogenital cancers were HPV-positive. HPV was found in 44.4% of anal (4/9), 36.1% of vulvar (22/61), and 26.7% of penile (8/30) cancers. The most frequent genotypes in anal cancers were HPV 16 (75%) and 18 (25%). In vulvar cancers, HPV 33 was most common (40.9%), followed by 16 (31.8%), 31 (22.7%), and 18 (4.6%). In penile cancers, HPV 16 (62.5%) was most common, followed by 33 (25%) and 18 (12.5%). This is the first report of evidencebased oncogenic HPV genotypes in anogenital cancers among men and women in Myanmar. This research provides valuable information for understanding the burden of HPV-associated cancers of the anus, penis, and vulva and considering the effectiveness of prophylactic HPV vaccination

Numerical Investigation of Air-Side Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Circular Finned-Tube Heat Exchangers

A three-dimensional numerical study is performed to investigate the heat transfer and pressure drop performance on the air-side of circular finned tube bundles in cross flow. New heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for the air-cooled heat exchangers have been developed with the Reynolds number ranging from 5000 to 70000. The heat transfer and pressure drop results agree well with several existing experimental correlations. In addition, the influence of the geometric parameters on the heat transfer and pressure drop are studied in detail and their results discussed. The numerical flow visualization results for the boundary layer developments, horseshoe vortex system, and local velocity and temperature distributions are presented

Banks’ lending behaviour under repressed financial regulatory environment: in the context of Myanmar

In an ideal world, banking operations should ensure that there is a match between business strategy and loan assessment behaviour (Berger and Udell, 2004). However, in reality, banks are confined within a highly institutionalised environment which shapes their lending behaviour. Banks operate between two spectra in terms of regulatory environment, with policies based either on financial repression or liberalisation. Repressive policies are more common in the banking sector than capital markets. According to McKinnon (1973), financial repression is defined by various policies whereby the state influences credit allocation in channelling financial resources to priority areas identified by the government and micromanaging banks’ lending behaviour through interest-rate caps, collateral requirements and capital controls. Financial liberalisation, on the other hand, is regarded as an efficient means of fostering competition and inviting growth impulses from abroad (Bartolini and Drazen, 1997). After a series of decisions supporting financial liberalisation which took place from the 1970s to the 1990s, this type of policy has been intensively studied by scholars. However, there is still no consensus on whether it has positive or negative impacts

Effect of Trust and Service Support Practices on Customer Loyalty at BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd ( Khin Sandar Myint, 2024)

This study aims to analyze the mediation effect of customer commitment between trust and customer loyalty, and to analyze the mediation effect customer commitment between service support practices at BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd. There are 102 corporate, enterprise, and small and medium enterprise customers at BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd. who are actively engaged in ongoing business relationships with the company, consistently relying on BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd.'s services and solutions to meet their IT needs and drive their own business success. The data are gathered from 81 customers by using an online survey method with structured questionnaires. The sample size of 81 respondents was determined by using the Raosoft sample size calculator and was selected by a simple random sampling method. In this research, both descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis are applied to reach the objectives. From regression analysis, the results show that trust and service support practices have positive significant effect on customer loyalty at BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd. Moreover, it was found that customer commitment mediates the relationship between trust and customer loyalty. Additionally, customer commitment also mediates on the relationship between service support and customer loyalty. These practices are highly important in BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd because they play a vital role in enhancing customer loyalty. Based on these findings, BIM Advanced Technology Services Co., Ltd should maintain and focus on encouraging and measuring trust and service support, thereby strengthening the effect of trust and service support practices on customer loyalty

FACTORS INFLUENCING MICRO BUSINESSES AND FIRM PERFORMANCE IN RURAL AREA IN AYEYARWADY REGION ( Lin Sandar Naing, 2019)

This paper aims to identify the influencing factors on the financial behavior of micro business owners in rural area of Ayeyarwady Region and to examine the effects of financial behavior on the performance of micro businesses. This study is thoroughly done by collecting structured questionnaires to 160 micro business owners from one village group of Patanaw Township of Ayeyarwady Region. The study found that microfinance characteristics have the most influence on financial behavior of business owners than other two variables; household characteristics and socioeconomic characteristics. Family daily income and physical environment of the region have influence on financial behavior. It is also found that owner’s financial behavior influences the overall performance of the business