Laparoscopic choledochal cyst resection with simplified common bile duct reconstruction in an adult population: A case series

Introducción: Los quistes de colédoco (CC) son una patología congénita poco frecuente en la población adulta. Desde 1995, el manejo laparoscópico ha sido descrito para esta entidad. Sin embargo, su manejo se considera un tema controvertido debido al aumento del riesgo de colangiocarcinoma. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo considerando pacientes diagnosticados de CC que fueron operados en un centro de referencia de cirugía hepatobiliar desde enero de 2013 hasta junio de 2018. Los pacientes fueron llevados a laparoscopia simplificada hepaticoyeyunostomía con reconstrucción en Y de Roux. Se presenta un análisis retrospectivo de los datos obtenidos. Resultados: Diez pacientes adultos con CC fueron sometidos a reconstrucción biliar quirúrgica a una edad media de 34,5 años; 75% tenía CC Todani tipo I y 25% Todani tipo IV-B CC. Aproximadamente el 50% de los pacientes fueron diagnosticados mediante colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) y el 50% de ellos mediante colangiopancreatografía por resonancia magnética. Ninguno requirió reintervención, no se informó mortalidad; y la estancia media en el hospital fue 5 días, ningún paciente tuvo fuga biliar posoperatoria, ninguno se convirtió a cirugía abierta y todos los pacientes tuvieron una tolerancia adecuada a la alimentación oral 2 días postoperatorios. El seguimiento a largo plazo no mostró incidencia de colangiocarcinoma después de un seguimiento de 2 años. Conclusión: Los quistes de colédoco en adultos son una patología poco frecuente que tiene una alta probabilidad de desarrollar malignidad cuando no se realiza de forma adecuada quirúrgicamente manejado y debido al reflujo biliar secundario. Estos factores hacen que el manejo quirúrgico sea una decisión crítica. El abordaje laparoscópico simplificado presentado en este trabajo parece ser una alternativa eficaz y segura a la cirugía reconstructiva de la vía biliar.Introduction: Choledochal cysts (CC) are rare congenital pathology in adult population. Since 1995, laparoscopic management has been described for this entity. Nevertheless, its management is considered to be a controversial matter due to the augmented risk of associated cholangiocarcinoma. Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive study was conducted considering patients diagnosed with CC who were operated at a hepatobiliary surgery referral center from January 2013 to June 2018. Patients were taken to simplified laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy with a Roux-en-Y reconstruction. A retrospective analysis of the data obtained is presented. Results: Ten adult patients with CC underwent surgical biliary reconstruction at a mean age of 34.5 years; 75% had Todani type I CC and 25% Todani type IV-B CC. About 50% of the patients were diagnosed via endoscopic retrograde holangiopancreatography (ERCP) and 50% of them via magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. None required re-intervention, no mortality was reported; and the mean hospital stay was 5 days, no patient had postoperative biliary leakage, none was converted to open surgery, and all patients had adequate oral feeding tolerance 2 days postoperative. Long-term follow-up showed no incidence of cholangiocarcinoma after 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Choledochal cysts in adults is a rare pathology that has a high probability of developing malignancy when not adequately surgically managed and because of secondary bile reflux. These factors make surgical management a critical decision. The simplified laparoscopic approach presented in this paper seems to be an effective and safe alternative to biliary duct reconstructive surgery

Right mainstem bronchoplasty 18 years following thoracic spinal implant surgery

Thoracic spinal surgery has many complications ranging from surgical site infection, chronic pain, periarticular arthrosis, displacement of spinal screws and hardware migration to a lesser degree. Reports of spinal implants penetrating the aorta have been described in the literature, however to our knowledge, lower airway obstruction due to spinal hardware migration has not been reported. Here we describe a case of a patient presenting with a right main stem bronchial obstruction and pneumonia secondary to the migration of the surgical spinal hardware into the lower airway 18 years after his initial intervention. We describe our surgical approach, management and outcomes using bronchoscopy and open thoracotomy. Bronchial obstruction is not a common complication of thoracic spinal surgery, however in remote cases patients may present with rare consequences, it is therefore important to pay close attention to patients' clinical and surgical history since surgical complications may appear years after. Keywords: Bronchoplasty, Thoracotomy, Fistul

Laparoscopic Hartmann's reversal has better clinical outcomes compared to open surgery: An international multicenter cohort study involving 502 patients

Abstract Background Hartmann's procedure (HP) is used in surgical emergencies such as colonic perforation and colonic obstruction. “Temporary” colostomy performed during HP is not always reversed in part due to potential morbidity and mortality associated with reversal. There are several contributing factors for patients requiring a permanent colostomy following HP. Therefore, there is still some discussion about which technique to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative variables of patients undergoing Hartmann's reversal using a laparoscopic and open approach. Methods The multicenter retrospective cohort study was done between January 2009 and December 2019 at 14 institutions globally. Patients who underwent Hartmann's reversal laparoscopic (LS) and open (OS) approaches were evaluated and compared. Sociodemographic, preoperative, intraoperative variables, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The main outcomes evaluated were 30‐day mortality, length of stay, complications, and postoperative outcomes. Results Five hundred and two patients (264 in the LS and 238 in the OS group) were included. The most prevalent sex was male in 53.7%, the most common indication was complicated diverticular disease in 69.9%, and 85% were American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II‐III. Intraoperative complications were noted in 5.3% and 3.4% in the LS and OS groups, respectively. Small bowel injuries were the most common intraoperative injury in 8.3%, with a higher incidence in the OS group compared with the LS group (12.2% vs. 4.9%, p < 0.5). Inadvertent injuries were more common in the small bowel (3%) in the LS group. A total of 17.2% in the OS versus 13.3% in the LS group required intensive care unit (ICU) admission (p = 0.2). The most frequent postoperative complication was ileus (12.6% in OS vs. 9.8% in LS group, p = 0.4)). Reintervention was required mainly in the OS group (15.5% vs. 5.3% in LS group, p < 0.5); mortality rate was 1%. Conclusions Laparoscopic Hartmann's reversal is safe and feasible, associated with superior clinical outcomes compared with open surgery