Measurement of Viscosity of High Alumina Blast Furnace Slags by Statistical Approach

Slag viscosity is an important process variable of the blast furnace process. The viscosity of molten slag is dependent basically on its chemical composition and on its temperature. Indian blast furnaces run into high alumina slag (Al2O3 >= 25%) due to high alumina/silica ratio in iron ore as well as sinter and high ash content in the coke. These slags are highly viscous which affects the gas permeability, heat transfer etc. In the present work slag viscosity was determined for CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 quaternary system using Iida model. Slag composition consists of MgO values between 4 and 10%, CaO/SiO2 between 0.9 to 1.2 and Al2O3 25%. The temperature range was between 1523 and 1723K which covers the liquidus temperature because the viscosity at this temperature will fluctuate greatly. The effect of CaO/SiO2, MgO and temperature on viscosity were studied. The results indicate that the viscosity decreases with increase in basicity and MgO content

Future Of Trading And Investment Plan: Stocks Or Cryptocurrency?

This paper mentions the price fluctuations of cryptocurrency and stocks under speculative environment. We have been seeing that the market trend points out an existence of a highly speculative bubble. Over the period of last 10 years, the trend in price movements of bitcoin has proved to be strongly speculative and on the other hand due to drastic change the world is seeing the prices of stocks has even been drastically upscaled. In this particular regard, investors might be curious about where and what instances might be fundamental point in these speculative price changes. When it comes to endogenous market movements, stocks have a significant issue to distinguish it from cryptocurrencies for the exogenous market movements to understand speculative bubbles better

Characterization of FR-4 Printed Circuit Board Laminates Before and After Exposure to Lead-free Soldering Conditions

The transition to lead-free soldering of printed circuit boards (PCBs) using solder alloys such as Sn/Ag/Cu has resulted in higher temperature exposures during assembly compared with traditional eutectic Sn/Pb solders. The knowledge of possible variations in the PCB laminate material properties due to the soldering conditions is an essential input in the selection of appropriate laminates. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of lead-free processing on key thermomechanical, physical, and chemical properties of a range of FR-4 PCB laminate materials. The laminate material properties were measured as per the IPC/UL test methods before and after subjecting to multiple lead-free soldering cycles. The effect of lead-free soldering conditions was observed in some of the material types and the variations in properties were related to the material constituents. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and combinatorial property analysis were performed to investigate the material-level transformations due to soldering exposures

A Study on how Brand Positioning Helps the Business to Stand-Out Distinctively in Saturated Market: A Study With Reference to Select Supermarkets

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine how strategic brand positioning has affected the performance of select supermarkets stores in saturated market. This study aims to provide light on how brand positioning may contribute to market differentiation and create competitive advantage by analysing the positioning techniques used by these supermarkets and measuring consumer perceptions   Theoretical framework: The study demonstrates that customers are motivated to visit supermarkets based on factors such as price, quality, location, hygiene, and personal experience. However, the establishment of customer loyalty and long-term retention can only be achieved by implementing various differentiation variables of brand positioning, including segmentation, benefits offered, product class categorization, brand name, and customer relationship management.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted in the city of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India; primary data were collected by disseminating a questionnaire via Google Form and conducting face-to-face interviews. The sample consisted of 114 participants   Findings: The study found that customers are motivated to visit supermarkets based on factors such as price, quality, location, hygiene, and personal experience. However, the establishment of customer loyalty and long-term retention can only be achieved by implementing various differentiation variables of brand positioning, including segmentation, benefits offered, product class categorization, brand name, and customer relationship management also it was found that ability of supermarkets to stand out significantly in a crowded market will continue to depend on their ability to establish and maintain strong relationships with their customers through effective brand positioning.   Research, Practical & Social implications: It is recommended that future studies emphasise the contributions by doing study on the same select supermarkets in other cities.   Originality/Value: The distinctive feature of this study lies in the absence of prior research conducted on the brand positioning of certain supermarkets in different cities

A quantile-based method for association mapping of quantitative phenotypes: an application to rheumatoid arthritis phenotypes

Genetic association of population-based quantitative trait data has traditionally been analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). However, violations of certain statistical assumptions may lead to false-positive association results. In this study, we have explored model-free alternatives to ANOVA using correlations between allele frequencies in the different quantile intervals of the quantitative trait and the quantile values. We performed genome-wide association scans on anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and rheumatoid factor-immunoglobulin M, two quantitative traits correlated with rheumatoid arthritis, using the data provided in Genetic Analysis Workshop 16. Both the quantitative traits exhibited significant evidence of association on Chromosome 6, although not in the human leukocyte antigen region which is known to harbor a major gene predisposing to rheumatoid arthritis. We found that while a majority of the significant findings using the asymptotic thresholds of ANOVA was not validated using permutations, a relatively higher proportion of the significant findings using the asymptotic cut-offs of the correlation statistic were validated using permutations

Why does Euclid’s GCD algorithm work?

We start with the definition of the GCD of two numbers. (Throughout this article, ‘number’ means ‘integer.’) Definition: The GCD or ‘Greatest Common Divisor’ of two numbers, also called the Highest Common Factor (HCF), is: • A divisor of both the numbers, i.e., it is a common divisor. • Of all the common divisors, it is the greatest. Note that the GCD is a multiple of every other common factor of the two numbers

Air Pollution Detection and Control System Using ML Techniques

In present times, air pollution is increasing day by day, depriving the health of many people due to the various toxic components in air. So, it is necessary to monitor and detect the levels of pollution in various areas and try to control it by taking precautionary actions. Air pollution detection and control system is all about detecting the level of pollution in a particular area based on the amount of polluting components and proposing the measures to control the pollution. Analysis is made on the regions of Visakhapatnam city in Andhra Pradesh, India and grouped based on their pollution and displayed along with each component level, reasons for the pollution depending on each component and measures that can be followed. Apart from this, we also display list of top 10 regions with the highest values for each component which can be used to identify the harmful regions based on the toxic components

A rare case of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome with ovarian teratoma

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is a neuropathological disorder of central nervous system, in this the patient presents with a tumor anywhere in the body with diverse neuropsychiatric symptoms. The clinical manifestation of the tumor may be preceded by PNS. We are reporting a case of a 23-year-old married nulliparous female who came to the gynaecology outpatient department (OPD) with the history of mass per abdomen for the past four months and also undergoing treatment for acute psychosis, memory loss and cognitive impairment for the past five months. Her symptoms were not relieved on treatment. After clinical, laboratory and radiological evaluation possibility of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome associated with ovarian teratoma was made. Patient was taken up for staging laparotomy with U/L salpingoophrectomy. After surgical treatment her psychiatric symptoms rapidly improved and her psychiatric medications doses was reduced. PNS should be suspected in female patients presenting with an acute history of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Tumor resection should be performed at the earliest to improve patient outcomes

Histopathology of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding, in correlation with thyroid profile and ultrasonography findings

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the cause for many disturbances in women who are in the reproductive age group. Frequent and prolonged periods will lead to morbidity, social embarrassment, diminished quality of life and compromise of the sexual life.Methods: It is a hospital based cross sectional study conducted in the department of pathology, Andhra medical college. A total of 270 patients in the age group of 18 to 45 years were included in this study. Endometrial samples were obtained and histopathological examinations were conducted. All the clinical details and investigation reports were collected.Results: The age group of patients in this study ranged from 18 to 45 years. Maximum numbers of cases (169) were in the age group of 36 to 45 years (62.6%). Most of the patients were multipara (244 cases, 90.37%) and most common presenting complaint was heavy menstrual bleeding (198 cases, 73.3%). Majority of the patients were euthyroid (247 cases, 91.5%). Normal cyclical endometrium was found to be the commonest histopathological pattern with proliferative endometrium in 45.56% and secretory endometrium in 32.59% cases. Leiomyomas were found to be the commonest cause of abnormal uterine bleeding (15.56%). Bulky / enlarged uterus (77%) and type-IV (hyperechoic) endometrium, depicting the secretory endometrial pattern (36.66%) was the most common finding on transvaginal sonography (TVS).Conclusions: Histopathological examination is the gold standard for studying the pattern of endometrium in various causes of abnormal uterine bleeding

Prospective study of skin adnexal tumours for a period of two years in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Skin adnexal tumours are rare tumours with complex histological patterns and variations and difficult to diagnose by histopathology only, so clinical history and presentation is necessary. The objective of the study was to correlate with age, sex, location, type of differentiation of adnexal tumours in our pathology department.Methods: The present study was a prospective study done in the department of pathology in Andhra medical college, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam. A total of 51 cases were included in this study from January 2015 to December 2016. Specimens were formalin fixed and after adequately processing the sections were stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin stain and properly evaluated for histopathological examination.Results: Out of these 51 cases, 88.24% (45 cases) were benign, and 11.76% (6 cases) were malignant tumours. Hair follicle differentiation were most common (35.3%) followed by sebaceous gland differentiation (31.37%) and sweat gland differentiation (29.41%).Conclusions: Benign adnexal tumours were most common than malignant tumours. Skin adnexal tumours are clinically often misdiagnosed, so histopathological examination remains gold standard for their correct diagnosis.