Asymptotic analysis of detonation development at SI engine conditions using computational singular perturbation

The occurrence and intensity of the detonation phenomenon at spark-ignition (SI) engine conditions is investigated, with the objective to successfully predict super-knock and to elucidate the effect of kinetics and transport at the ignition front. The computational singular perturbation (CSP) framework is employed in order to investigate the chemical and transport mechanisms of deflagration and detonation cases in the context of 2D high-fidelity numerical simulations. The analysis revealed that the detonation development is characterised by: (i) stronger explosive dynamics and (ii) enhanced role of convection. The role of chemistry was also found to be pivotal to the detonation development which explained the stronger explosive character of the system, the latter being an indication of the system's reactivity. The role of convection was found to be enhanced at the edge of the detonating front. Moreover, the increased contribution of convection was found to be related mainly to heat convection. Remarkably, the detonation front was mainly characterised by dissipative and not explosive dynamics. Finally, diffusion was found to have negligible role to both examined cases

Computational assessment of effects of throat diameter on combustion and turbulence characteristics in a pre-chamber engine

Towards fundamental investigation of key physical aspects of pre-chamber combustion, the current work utilizes computational fluid dynamics to comprehend the effect of the throat diameter in an engine operated with methane. Previous studies showed that this parameter is dominant in pressure build-up and flow pattern inside the pre-chamber, suggesting that a detailed characterization is necessary. This pre-chamber type is composed of an upper conical part that lodges the spark plug and fuel injector, followed by a straight and tubular region called throat, which tip accommodates the nozzles responsible for the charge exchange between pre and main chambers. Two types of pre-chamber having distinct throat diameters are investigated, while utilizing consistent experimental data for validation of the model. The combustion process is modeled with the G-Equation model; the laminar flame speed was tabulated from a methane oxidation mechanism reduced from the GRI 3.0; the turbulent flame speed was computed using Peters\u27 relation. The simulations were run for a full cycle, starting at exhaust valve opening. A homogeneous charge of methane is considered at the intake port, maintaining a global λ = 1.8, while 3% of total energy fuel is added through the pre-chamber. The results show that the throat changes the flow field inside the pre-chamber, impacts the air-fuel ratio, stratification, turbulence, jet dynamics, and ultimately the pre and main chambers combustion processes and heat fluxes. The combustion regime according to the Borghi-Peters diagram were found to lay in the thin reaction zone and in the flamelet regime