9 research outputs found
An Experimental Study on Solar Flat Plate Collector Using an Alternative Working Fluid
This paper describes the performance of a solar water heater with an alternative
working fluid. A solar flat plate collector of fIxed orientation was fabricated and
connected to a heat exchanger, which was kept inside the water storage drum.
The developed collector was a low temperature device operating with the
temperature range of ambient to 100°C. Acetone was selected as an alternative
working fluid and allowed to re-eirculate in a closed loop. A shell and tube type
heat exchanger (non-mixing) was designed and fabricated for the heat transfer between acetone and water. The solar intensity increased from 55 mw/cm2 at
8.30 am to 85 mw/cm2 at 1.30 pm and decreased to 64 mw/cm2 at 5.00 pm.
The absorber plate temperature, which remained nearly constant for the first
two hours, went up to 90°C in the next two hours. It was nearly constant from
11.00 am to 1.30 pm and then dropped down to 72°C in the afternoon. The
hot fluid was found to loose heat to the surrounding water at more or less
constant rate from 11.30 am to 5.00 pm. The highest temperature of acetone
(70°C) was observed during 1.00 pm to 2.00 pm. The temperature of water
increased from 30°C to a maximum of 62°C. Overall efficiency of the system was
found to be 45% while considering the solar input to the heat gained by the
water. Alternative working fluids such as acetone, methanol or ethanol may be
considered for substituting water in the flat plate collector in view of the fact
that the fluids have low boiling point coupled with high latent heat of
evaporation
Propriétés des panneaux d’écorce externe de bouleau blanc (Betula papyrifera) avec renfort de particules grossières de bois dans la couche médiane
Coir and Sisal Fibers as Fillers in the Production of Eucalyptus Medium Density Particleboards - MDP
Studies on Gasification of Coir Pith
Coir pith is considered as an undesirable waste of coir industries. It is difficult to burn coir pith in normal atmospheric conditions. It decomposes slowly, taking 8-10 years for complete decomposition due to higher lignin content of 37 to 45%. Being dust, it is easily blown by wind. When ignited, it does not burn completely and emits continuous smoke for several days polluting the environment. Therefore, the study was conducted to produce combustible gas from coir pith through fluidized bed gasification process. A fluidized bed gasifier was developed. Coir pith of0.511 mm mean particle size was used as feed material. Thermogravimetric studies were also conducted to determine the combustion behaviour of coir pith. Thermograms obtained for raw coir pith revealed distinct stages of thermal degradation and the ignition temperature was found to be 550°C. Minimum fluidizing velocity of 0.1 m/s was adopted for sand bed. A general trend of increasing gas yield with increasing air factor and slightly decreasing trend of calorific value were noticed. The average gas composition was found to be 2.3 to 6.5%, 9.1 to 16.2% and 6.4 to 20.5% for CH4, Hz, and CO, respectively. The combustible gas was well burnt in a low calorific burner, which will fulfill the thermal needs, or the combustible gas can be used in the dual fuel engine to produce mechanical power or electricity. The average calorific value of the gas was found to be 4.23 MJ/m