Impactos de la pneumónica en el mundo del trabajo : una visión desde los periódicos (1918-19)

1. Prolegómenos a una breve incursión en la historia de la Pneumónica Entre 1918 y 1919, la humanidad fue víctima de una epidemia conocida internacionalmente como Spanish Influenza o Spanish Flu y, en Portugal, como Pneumónica (o Gripe Pneumónica). En mayo de 1918, la epidemia es declarada en España, se propaga en seguida por toda Europa y en pocas semanas se extiende a todos los continentes. En el mismo mes, la epidemia llegó a Portugal, afectando en primer lugar las regiones fronterizas, pe..

Impactos da pneumónica no mundo do trabalho : uma visão a partir de periódicos (1918-19)

1. Prolegómenos a uma (breve) incursão na história da pneumónica Entre 1918 e 1919, a humanidade foi vítima de uma epidemia conhecida internacionalmente por Spanish Influenza ou Spanish Flu e, em Portugal, por Pneumónica (ou Gripe Pneumónica). Em maio de 1918, é declarada em Espanha, espalhando-se pela europa e em poucas semanas estende-se a todos os continentes. No mesmo mês, a epidemia chegou a Portugal, atingindo em primeiro lugar as regiões fronteiriças, mas em poucos meses difunde-se nos..

The electric motor in Portugal: technological progress and industrialization

The introduction of the electric motor in Portugal is due to foreigner companies such as Siemens, AEG, ASEA, and ACEC. They were important levers to move the electrical sector, the electricity network, and the technological progress. Portugal only started the manufacture electric motors in large quantities in 1946 when ACEC, EFA and CUF united to set up to develop a business project and the introduction of the electric motor in Portugal has common aspects with others European countries. In this paper we add different views and through the analysis of photograph we describe the entry of the electric motor into the factory and the impact of electrical motor in the manufacturing space, which allowed, not only, to rationalize the flows between the machine but also and operating a new circuit between the different machines or operations

Os Objectos Industriais como Fonte para a História da Técnica e da Indústria e como Bens Patrimoniais

Os mecanismos austro-húngaros de moagem, o motor blindado ou o tear jacquard de 100 fusos serão tão relevantes para a construção do conhecimento histórico como os testemunhos encontrados no interior das pirâmides egípcias ou as ossadas da civilização Síria descobertas pelos arqueólogos? Defendemos que sim, que os objectos das sociedades industriais são os testemunhos dos processos de produção, do saber técnico e do “saber-fazer”. Tudo o que eles nos transmitem, desde o seu desenho, o local onde se encontram, a sua composição, cor, dimensão, componentes, funções, potência, entre outros aspectos, são informações fundamentais para a caracterização dos fenómenos associados ao desenvolvimento técnico e industrial e tornam-se fontes essenciais para a história da técnica e da indústria. Foi a arqueologia Industrial que nos deu uma nova forma de “olhar” os artefactos técnico-industriais, valorizando aspectos tão diversos como os seus usos ou materiais, (o ferro fundido, o aço, a baquelite, o plástico..) tornando-os testemunhos das sociedades industriais e das grandes mudanças dos últimos séculos. Ultimamente, a criação de museus dedicados ao património industrial e a preservação in situ de diferentes equipamentos industriais deram-nos a possibilidade de preservar e estudar os objectos técnicos e industriais e a responsabilidade de lhes dar um papel especial na construção de narrativas históricas. ----------------------------------------------Are the roller mils of Austro-Hungarian system, the electric motor, or the jacquard weaving machine as relevant to the construction of historical knowledge as the evidences found at the Egyptian pyramids or the bones of Assyrian civilization discovered by archeologists? We believe that yes, they are important evidences of industrial societies, industrial production and that they represent the know-how of different operators, constructors and designers. Everything that these objects tell us, from their design, their location, their composition, color, dimension, components, functions, power, among other aspects, are fundamental information for characterization of the phenomenon related to the technical and industrial development and became essential sources for the history of technic and industry. It was the industrial archeology that gave us another way of looking to industrial artifacts, giving value to characteristics as diverse as their uses or materials (iron, plastic, ceramic…) making them important historical sources of the industrial societies and of the biggest changes of the last centuries

The Portuguese schools of engineers in Lisbon and Porto: continuity and discontinuity of the models and the creation of the national and international networks

In the 1910's, with the establishment of a Republican Regime, were created two new schools of engineering: The Instituto Superior Técnico (Technical Institute) in Lisbon in 1911, and the Faculdade Técnica (Technical Faculty) in Porto, in 1915. In this paper we want to analyse the new pedagogical projects of Instituto Superior Técnico and Faculdade Técnica of University of Porto, and identify the academic and business networks linked to these schools. For this approach we will try to make a comparison between the creation and teaching of the two schools and the professors of each one

technological progress and industrialization

UID/HIS/04209/2013The introduction of the electric motor in Portugal is due to foreigner companies such as Siemens, AEG, ASEA, and ACEC. They were important levers to move the electrical sector, the electricity network, and the technological progress. Portugal only started the manufacture electric motors in large quantities in 1946 when ACEC, EFA and CUF united to set up to develop a business project and the introduction of the electric motor in Portugal has common aspects with others European countries. In this paper we add different views and through the analysis of photograph we describe the entry of the electric motor into the factory and the impact of electrical motor in the manufacturing space, which allowed, not only, to rationalize the flows between the machine but also and operating a new circuit between the different machines or operations.authorsversionpublishe

continuity and discontinuity of the models and the creation of the national and international networks

UID/HIS/04209/2019 UID/HIS/00057/2013 SFRH/BPD/117829/2016In the 1910’s, with the establishment of a Republican Regime, were created two new schools of engineering: The Instituto Superior Técnico (Technical Institute) in Lisbon in 1911, and the Faculdade Técnica (Technical Faculty) in Porto, in 1915. In this paper we want to analyse the new pedagogical projects of Instituto Superior Técnico and Faculdade Técnica of University of Porto, and identify the academic and business networks linked to these schools. For this approach we will try to make a comparison between the creation and teaching of the two schools and the professors of each one.publishersversionpublishe

Teixeira Rego

UIDB/04209/2020 UIDP/04209/2020This paper addresses the professional career of António Teixeira Rêgo, Portuguese engineer, born in 1906, died in 1967. Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, he combined teaching and research activities with intense professional practice, working with the most important northern architects and being connected to some of the most notable works of the city of Porto, such as the Passos Manuel garage, the Coliseu do Porto, or the Casa de Serralves. He was responsible for the introduction of prestressed and light prefabrication technology in Portugal, discussing his experiences in international forums.publishersversionpublishe

Mobilidade e expertise na contratação dos primeiros professores do Instituto Superior Técnico Mobility and expertise in the process of hiring the first group of teachers in Instituto Superior Técnico (Lisbon)

No início do século XX os atores da renovação do ensino técnico em Portugal foram, por um lado, estrangeiros provenientes das principais universidades e escolas europeias de engenharia e, por outro, portugueses formados nas escolas estrangeiras que na altura eram uma referência a nível internacional. Nestas escolas foram recrutados professores estrangeiros que integraram o primeiro grupo de docentes do Instituto Superior Técnico, aos quais se associaram alguns docentes do antigo Instituto Industrial e Comercial de Lisboa e outros professores portugueses, que foram selecionados por se destacarem pelo seu saber técnico-científico e pela sua prática profissional. Um dos contributos centrais deste estudo é, com base na análise crítica dos processos individuais dos primeiros professores estrangeiros do IST, verificar como foi decisiva a rede nacional e europeia de homens de ciência e de engenheiros na contratação destes professores, e como Portugal se inseria numa rede supranacional de mobilidade de experts e de circulação de conhecimentos

"La vie des objets techniques et industriels: le cas de la machine à coudre"

Les objets technico-industriels ont une « vie ». Leur biographie est une source de l’Histoire, en particulier de l’histoire économique m de l’histoire des techniques et l’archéologie industrielle. Ils sont en même temps des protagonistes de la construction du récit historique. L’importance que nous accordons à ces artefacts technico-industriels est associé à la valeur qu’on attribue à notre culture technique, à l’importance des processus de l’industrialisation et de la tertiarisation du tissu économique. On se propose d’étudier le cas de la machine à coudre : un objet rée pour le monde du travail au XIXe siècle, toujours en usage dans les grandes usines et les petits ateliers, mais qui a subi un procès de patrimonialisation, raison pour laquelle on trouve désormais la machine à coudre dans les musées