Cervical cancer vaccine as a priority of public health practices in Iran

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women. In poor countries, it is the second cause of cancer death [1]. According to official report of World Health Organization, about 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer were recorded each year that more than half of them are leading to death. 80 percent of new cases are occurred in developing countries [2]

Blind Mothers’ Experiences of Marginalization: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Qualitative Study

Introduction: Mothering is a precious art with many intricacies. When women experience the phenomenon of mothering, they become vulnerable, and face many challenges. It creates worst conditions, if this experience is combined with a disability such as blindness. This study aimed to determine blind mothers’ experiences of marginalization. Method: The approach used in this study was hermeneutic phenomenology. Sampling was carried out using targeted and snow balling method. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with nine congenitally blind mothers who had child under the age of 8 years old. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interviews continued until data saturation. van Manen method was used for all steps of the study including data collections, data analysis, and interpretation and reporting the findings. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA software. Results: From 479 initial codes, the main theme of "hermit inevitable", and subthemes of "feelings of shame", "a sense of discrimination", and "obligation in loneliness" were emerged. Conclusion: Blind mothers’ perception of themselves was to be marginalized, and they suffered from shame feeling, discrimination, lack of support, and obligation in loneliness. Blindness affects mothering, and blind mothers are in a unique situation. Keywords: Mothers, Blindness, Hermeneutics, Qualitative research, Experienc

The experience of pregnancy in women with high body mass: a hermeneutical/phenomenological study

Overweight is one of the most common health problems and risk factors for many prenatal illnesses. The proportion of pregnant women with high body mass would be increased by increasing body mass in society. The purpose of this study was to explain the pregnancy experience in women with high body mass index. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to conduct this study. Participants included ten pregnant women with high body mass index who were interviewed. All interviews were recorded and transcribed after permission from the participants in order to explain the phenomenon under study and the data were analyzed by using the Van Manen method in MAXQDA version-10 software to emerge their themes and their basic patterns. Out of the 857 extracted primary codes, the experience of women with high birth weight was summarized in the main theme of "Pregnancy concurrent with concern". This theme comprised the following subthemes: "sense of risk", "lack of care facilities for mothers with high body mass index", "obesity as a stigma", and "lack of specialized care". This Hermeneutic phenomenology study showed that pregnant women with high body mass are a vulnerable group. Their pregnancy concurrent with more concern requires more care and support. Service providers, in particular midwives, nurses, and doctors, should be aware of their attitudes and behaviors toward this group of clients and avoid any stereotypical and harassing care behaviors