Values of IL-23, RAGE and IL-18 in infants with culture proven meningitis, negative controls and indeterminate subjects.

<p>P values based on Kruskal Wallis testing. One outlier value for IL-18 in the infants with culture proven meningitis is represented at the upper bound of the graph as its value greatly exceeded the bounds of the graph (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0181449#pone.0181449.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a> provides ranges of values for each marker in each category).</p

Elevations of novel cytokines in bacterial meningitis in infants - Fig 2

<p>2a: ROC analysis for IL-23; 2b: ROC analysis for IL-18; 2c: ROC analysis for sRAGE.</p

Correlation of markers with CSF parameters^*.

<p>Correlation of markers with CSF parameters^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0181449#t002fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Demographic details and CSF laboratory values.

<p>Demographic details and CSF laboratory values.</p

Percentage of respondents who recommended an anti-MRSA agent for uncomplicated CAP (N = 135) and PPE (N = 134) across a range of reported MRSA prevalence levels in their community.

<p>MRSA, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; PPE, parapneumonic empyema.</p

Percentage of respondents who recommended clindamycin as an anti-MRSA agent for uncomplicated CAP (N = 27) and PPE (N = 117) across a range of reported clindamycin resistance levels.

<p>MRSA, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; PPE, parapneumonic empyema.</p

Empiric antibiotic regimens recommended for uncomplicated pneumonia and PPE.

<p>PPE, parapneumonic empyema.</p><p>MRSA, methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>.</p

Recommended duration of therapy for uncomplicated CAP (N = 140) and PPE (N = 138).

<p>CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; PPE, parapneumonic empyema.</p

Association of WBC and RBC with the presence of bacteria or parasites.

<p>Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cells; RBC, red blood cells; WBC or RBC were counted as present if laboratory records indicated scanty, few, moderate, or many cells upon microscopic evaluation.</p

Proportion of pathogens by age group^*.

<p>Abbreviations: mo, month(s); yr, year(s); spp, species.</p><p>*values listed as number (percent of specimens in age group).</p><p>**not all columns sum to 100% due to co-infection with multiple pathogens among some specimens.</p