Outcome-related neural activations during the reward task in fMRI.

<p>A main effect of outcome was observed in anterior mOFC, such that this region responded to all successful outcomes regardless of stimulus type (A). A conjunction of successful gains, losses, and controls showed common success-related activity in a specific portion of anterior mOFC (B). The y-axis reflects parameter estimates (beta weights), and black bars represent standard errors.</p

An interaction of stimulus and outcome was observed in two regions.

<p>Pregenual ACC specifically differentiated the reception of monetary gains (A), whereas NAcc differentiated only monetary successes, gains and non-losses, from failures (B). The y-axis reflects parameter estimates (beta weights), and black bars represent standard errors.</p

Pilot study results of emotion ratings during the reward task.

<p>Participants gave ratings of each of 4 emotions on a 1–5 scale for the last outcome they had experienced. Ratings occurred randomly every 4–8 trials and were presented in a random order for each type of emotion. Ratings of positive emotions joy/excitement and calm/relief by stimulus type and outcome (A). Ratings of negative emotions agitation/frustration and dejection/disappointment by stimulus type and outcome (B). Black bars represent standard errors.</p

Summary of neural activations observed for each F-test performed.

<p>All activations meet the criteria of p<.001 and a cluster size of at least 18 contiguous voxels.</p

Example trial of the reward task.

<p>Stimuli were presented randomly for 1000ms. During this time, participants made a response by pressing a button corresponding to each stimulus type. A legend of the response options always appeared at the bottom of the screen. This was followed by 3000ms of feedback, which showed the outcome for each trial. Trials were separated by a fixation cross of variable length.</p