3 research outputs found
Vaccination for the Prevention of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea in Cow-Calf Operations: A Scoping Review.
Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), also known as scours, is an important disease of preweaned calves that affects the production and welfare of beef herds. While hygiene and nutrition are important in reducing the incidence of NCD, vaccination of dams or calves is often employed for the prevention of NCD. The present scoping review summarizes the available peer-reviewed scientific English literature on vaccination of dams or calves for the prevention of NCD over the past decades. The online databases Medline, CAB Abstracts, and Biosis were searched for articles on the topic published between 1950 and 2020. Online software was used to systematically evaluate 2807 citations for inclusion through pre-determined criteria in a 2-step process. In the 113 articles included in the review, vaccines tested targeted the pathogens E. coli (n = 43), bovine rotavirus (BRV, n = 38), Salmonella (n = 29), bovine coronavirus (BCV, n = 14), bovine viral diarrhea virus (n= 7), and other pathogens (n = 8). Field trials for commercial vaccines have been published for the most important pathogens, and results on efficacy are variable for such vaccines targeting BRV, BCV, and E. coli. Meta-analyses exploring efficacy of these vaccines would be helpful to practitioners and producers. No field studies on commercial products have shown efficacy for Salmonella vaccines so that a meta-analysis would unlikely come to a different conclusion. Further research is needed on vaccines for protozoal pathogens like Cryptosporidium parvum as well as on the importance of several emerging enteric viruses in calves
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Protocol for a Scoping/Systematic Review: Non-antimicrobial approaches for the prevention or treatment of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis applicable to cow-calf operations.
Antimicrobial stewardship promotes best practices for the prevention, treatment and control of diseases that require antimicrobial treatment such that development of antimicrobial resistance is prevented and/or reduced. Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK, pinkeye) is one of the most important diseases requiring use of antimicrobials in cow-calf operations in California according to a recent survey of ranchers in this state conducted by the California Department of Food and Agriculture. The efficacy of antimicrobial treatments for the disease have been well documented and summarized. However, less information is available on non-antimicrobial measures to prevent, control or treat the disease. In order to inform best practices for the judicious use of antimicrobials on cow-calf operations, this review explores the literature for evidence of effective methods to prevent pinkeye as well as of effective non-antimicrobial treatments