Statistical tests of sterile neutrinos using cosmology and short-baseline data

In this paper we revisit the question of the information which cosmology provides on the scenarios with sterile neutrinos invoked to describe the SBL anomalies using Bayesian statistical tests. We perform an analysis of the cosmological data in $\Lambda$CDM$+r+\nu_s$ cosmologies for different cosmological data combinations, and obtain the marginalized cosmological likelihood in terms of the two relevant parameters, the sterile neutrino mass $m_s$ and its contribution to the energy density of the early Universe $N_{\rm eff}$. We then present an analysis to quantify at which level a model with one sterile neutrino is (dis)favoured with respect to a model with only three active neutrinos, using results from both short-baseline experiments and cosmology. We study the dependence of the results on the cosmological data considered, in particular on the inclusion of the recent BICEP2 results and the SZ cluster data from the Planck mission. We find that only when the cluster data is included the model with one extra sterile neutrino can become more favoured that the model with only the three active ones provided the sterile neutrino contribution to radiation density is suppressed with respect to the fully thermalized scenario. We have also quantified the level of (in)compatibility between the sterile neutrino masses implied by the cosmological and SBL results.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figure

Padrão de Prescrição de Inibidores da Bomba de Protões no Momento da Admissão e da Alta Hospitalar

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have reportedly been used in inappropriate clinical settings, often leading to an increased risk of adverse effects, drug interactions, and costs. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of PPI prescription in an internal medicine ward. Methods: The discharged home inpatients of a segment in the medicine department of a central hospital in the first trimester of 2017 were evaluated; those who died or were transferred to another unit were excluded. Data on gender, age, admission, and discharge therapy and diagnoses which could support PPI use were collected from clinical records. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2013® and IBM SPSS Statistics 20®. Results: A total of 318 hospitalizations were included, corresponding to 301 patients; 171 (56.8%) were female and the average age was 75.4 ± 14.6 years. Among the 318 hospitalizations, 148 patients (46.5%) were on PPI at admission and 175 (55%) at discharge, the majority of them without indication (n = 91, 61.5% vs. n = 109, 62.3%). The main inappropriate indication was anticoagulation alone (n = 33, 36.3% vs. n = 43, 39.4%). There was indication for PPI therapy in 93 (29.2%) of the cases at admission and 111 (34.9%) at discharge, mostly for prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients (n = 82, 88.2% vs. n = 96, 86.5%). Among those with indication, 57 (61.3%) were medicated at admission versus 66 (59%) at discharge. The association between PPI therapy and an indication for its prescription was lost by the time of discharge (p = 0.245). Conclusions: PPI prescription is not in agreement with existing recommendations, which is why it should be revised at hospital discharge. The primary indication for PPI therapy is the prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients and the main inappropriate indication is prophylaxis in low-risk patients. A large proportion of the patients indicated for PPI use were discharged without prescription.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Floral visitors, their frequency, activity rate and Index of Visitation Rate in the strawberry fields of Ribatejo, Portugal : selection of potential pollinators : Part 1

Copyright © 2009 Universita degli Studi di Firenze.This study was carried out in one of the most important strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) producing regions of Portugal, the Ribatejo, and aims to describe the quantitative component of visits by strawberry floral visitors under open field conditions. The main objectives were: (1) to assess the flower-visiting insects of the strawberry crop; (2) to evaluate the percentage of frequency (F) and activity rate (AR) in order to determine an Index of Visitation Rate (IVR) for the different categories of visitors. This study allowed us to access the vast spectrum of flower-visiting insects of the strawberry crop and to characterize their visits regarding parameters such as F and AR, used to calculate IVR. Based on the referred index it was possible to highlight three categories of insect visitors: Syrphidae (Diptera), Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera) and native bees (Hymenoptera). Other aspects were evaluated such as no. ind/flower throughout three different phases of the blooming period and field conditions. All the parameters allowed us to gather a set of information inherent to each of these categories, which will be useful for conservation and management procedures aiming at adequate pollination of the strawberry crop

Intramural Hematoma of the Esophagus After Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke

Intramural dissecting hematoma is an unusual esophageal condition with a threatening presentation but excellent prognosis when managed conservatively.We report the case of an 88-year-old woman who developed an intramural hematoma of the esophagus after intravenous thrombolysis for an acute ischemic stroke. Before thrombolysis, nasogastric intubation was attempted unsuccessfully. She was kept on nil by mouth, intravenous hydration, proton pump inhibitor, antiemetics,and an antibiotic initiated 2 days before for periodontal disease. The esophageal hematoma regressed, and she resumed oral diet asymptomatically.To our knowledge, this is the first report of this type of lesion after thrombolysis for an ischemic stroke. A brief discussion and literature review are presented

Calcified Pleural Plaques Due to Exposure to Asbestos

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparative analysis of the relative importance of different pollinating agents on strawberry crop

V Congresso Ibérico de Ciências Hortícolas, Porto, Maio 2005.A maioria das cultivares modernas de morangueiro possuem flores hermafroditas auto-férteis cuja polinização está dependente da acção combinada de vários agentes, nomeadamente o vento, a gravidade e os insectos polinizadores. A contribuição relativa de cada um destes agentes de polinização é variável consoante as cultivares envolvidas e o ambiente em que está inserida a cultura (estufai ar-livre). Com o objectivo de avaliar a importância dos vários agentes de polinização, na cultivar Camarosa, em condições de ar-livre, foram introduzidas várias colmeias num campo localizado na região do Ribatejo (Almeirim), no início da floração do ano de 2004. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na realização de experiências de polinização controlada a flores primárias da cultura, tendo sido definidos um total de seis modalidades: 1- Flores não embolsadas (Controlo); 2- Flores emasculadas, não embolsadas; 3- Flores embolsadas em tule; 4- Flores emasculadas, embolsadas em tule; 5- Flores embolsadas em celofane; 6- Flores polinizadas manualmente, embolsadas em celofane. Para cada modalidade foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: peso e dimensões (diâmetros e altura) dos frutos, percentagem de vingamento e percentagem de frutos deformados. As modalidades com flores expostas às visitas dos insectos originaram frutos de maior peso e maiores dimensões e menor percentagem de frutos deformados. Em relação ao vento, os resultados apontam para a sua relevância, sobretudo na promoção da auto-polinização na flor do morangueiro.ABSTRACT: Most modem strawberry cultivars bear hermaphroditic flowers and are self fertile and their pollination can be achieved by three complementary agents, namely wind, gravity and insects. The relative contribution of each pollinating agent can be influenced by the adopted cultivar and by the conditions surrounding the crop (greenhouse/open-field). To evaluate the relative contribution of these agents on strawberry Camarosa cultivar, when the flowering period of 2004 began, some beehives were introduced in a field located in Ribatejo (Almeirim). The methodology adopted consisted on a controlled pollination experiment where six treatments were defined: I) Free pollinated flowers (Control); 2) Emasculate flowers, free pollinated; 3) Flowers caged in tulle; 4) Emasculate flowers, caged in tulle; 5) Flowers caged in cellophane; 6) Hand pollinated flowers caged in cellophane. For each treatment the following parameters were analysed: weight size (two diameters and height), percentage of malformed fruits and fruit set. The uncaged flowers treatments had the heaviest and the biggest fruits, as well as the lowest percentage of malformed fruits. In what concerns the wind the results reveal its importance, mainly on the self-pollination improvement of the strawberry flowers