RISK MAINTENANCE STRATEGY IN BLADE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MACHINERIES - BY USING APPLICATIONS OF TOPSIS METHOD

Regarding the capital and operating expenses of windmill turbines, blades are amongst the most vital parts. Those blades are made using conventional manufacturing methods such as deep groove machine, CNC Machine, foam slicing machine, glass layer machine, glass layer winding machine, balsa angle cutting machine, etc. In this research, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method is used to sort the machining methods that need to be handled very carefully according to risk and hazard in blade production. This research objective is to find the windmill blade design data, various production processes and its hazards, risks etc. with the help of previous research papers. Through these results, using the TOPSIS method, a priority number can be given to all the production processes and the safety windmill blade production processes that need more attention can be identified

COMPARATIVE IN-VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ATTRIBUTES OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS FROM LEAF, BARK, ROOT AND INFLORESCENCE OF MEMECYLON UMBELLATUM BURM.

This paper describes the antibacterial and antifungal activities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of different solvent (pet. ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and water) extracts of leaves, bark, root and inflorescence of Memecylon umbellatum burm. The percent yields from leaves, bark, root and inflorescence was found to be 0.2062 to 2.836, 0.0601 to 0.5142, 0.050 to 1.425, 0.0210 to 0.717 respectively. Overall, acetone extract produced from the leaves exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher antibacterial activity along with superior antifungal activity. MIC for acetone and ethyl acetate extract of leaf was found to be 0.5 mg for the entire organisms compared to 3-15 mg for other extracts. Such study will explore pharmacological activity of the tested parts of Memecylon umbellatum burm especially, the leaves which might be valuable for therapeutic applications

Enhanced fluorescent properties of an OmpT site deleted mutant of Green Fluorescent Protein

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The green fluorescent protein has revolutionized many areas of cell biology and biotechnology since it is widely used in determining gene expression and for localization of protein expression. Expression of recombinant GFP in <it>E. coli </it>K12 host from pBAD24M-GFP construct upon arabinose induction was significantly lower than that seen in <it>E. coli </it>B cells with higher expression at 30°C as compared to 37°C in <it>E. coli </it>K12 hosts. Since OmpT levels are higher at 37°C than at 30°C, it prompted us to modify the OmpT proteolytic sites of GFP and examine such an effect on GFP expression and fluorescence. Upon modification of one of the two putative OmpT cleavage sites of GFP, we observed several folds enhanced fluorescence of GFP as compared to unmodified GFPuv (Wild Type-WT). The western blot studies of the WT and the SDM II GFP mutant using anti-GFP antibody showed prominent degradation of GFP with negligible degradation in case of SDM II GFP mutant while no such degradation of GFP was seen for both the clones when expressed in BL21 cells. The SDM II GFP mutant also showed enhanced GFP fluorescence in other <it>E. coli </it>K12 OmpT hosts like <it>E. coli </it>JM109 and LE 392 in comparison to WT GFPuv. Inclusion of an OmpT inhibitor, like zinc with WT GFP lysate expressed from an <it>E. coli </it>K12 host was found to reduce degradation of GFP fluorescence by two fold.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We describe the construction of two GFP variants with modified putative OmpT proteolytic sites by site directed mutagenesis (SDM). Such modified genes upon arabinose induction exhibited varied degrees of GFP fluorescence. While the mutation of K79G/R80A (SDM I) resulted in dramatic loss of fluorescence activity, the modification of K214A/R215A (SDM II) resulted in four fold enhanced fluorescence of GFP.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This is the first report on effect of OmpT protease site modification on GFP fluorescence. The wild type and the GFP variants showed similar growth profile in bioreactor studies with similar amounts of recombinant GFP expressed in the soluble fraction of the cell. Our observations on higher levels of fluorescence of SDM II GFP mutant over native GFPuv in an OmpT⁺host like DH5α, JM109 and LE392 at 37°C reiterates the role played by host OmpT in determining differences in fluorescent property of the expressed GFP. Both the WT GFP and the SDM II GFP plasmids in <it>E. coli </it>BL21 cells showed similar expression levels and similar GFP fluorescent activity at 37°C. This result substantiates our hypothesis that OmpT protease could be a possible factor responsible for reducing the expression of GFP at 37°C for WT GFP clone in K12 hosts like DH5α, JM109, LE 392 since the levels of GFP expression of SDM II clone in such cells at 37°C is higher than that seen with WT GFP clone at the same temperature.</p

Phytochemical screening and In Vitro Antioxidant potential of Memecylon umbellatum Burm leaf extracts

Objective: Different dry extracts of Memecylon umbellatum Burm leaf obtained by various solvents such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and chloroform water (IP) was screened to reap the benefits of its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidants. Methods: The in vitro free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical method using various concentrations of dry extract in distilled water (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 20 μg/ml) against blank with ascorbic acid as a standard in same concentrations. Results: Among the all extracts, Methanol leaf extract has showed higher Antioxidant activity (84.65 ± 0.064 %) having IC50 Value 11.81 ± 0.033 μg/ml at 20 μg/ml. While, IC50 value for ascorbic acid was found to be 8.91 ± 0.084 μg/ml. Conclusion: The results clearly indicate that Methanol leaf extract of Memecylon umbellatum is effective in free radical scavenging. So in future, this may emerge as promising natural herbal source of powerful antioxidant. Keywords: Memecylon umbellatum, DPPH reagent, Antioxidant activity, Ascorbic acid, IC50

Numerical simulation and experimentation of endodontic file using Taguchi DoE

The endodontic file is a tapered, needle shape body used for the preparation of curved human root canals. During the preparation, process files get failed due to the locking action offered by the canal wall. The present study aimed to find the fatigue life of endodontic files at 23°, 33° and 43° root canal curvature angles. Four brands of files were selected for the present study viz. Hyplex CM, Pro-Taper Next, Hero Shaper, Pro-File Vortex. The strain life analysis done using ANSYS showed that the Hyplex CM file gives the highest fatigue life at 23°, 33° and 43° root canal curvature angles. Therefore, Hyplex CM file was selected for DoE Taguchi Optimization study. Each experimental reading was conducted on X Smart Plus experimental setup under purely rotary and combined reciprocating-rotary motion, at 500 rpm, 600 rpm and 700 rpm and 23°, 33° and 43° root canal curvature angles. Hyplex CM file given maximum fatigue life at 23° root canal curvature angle and 500 rpm speed of rotation. But if file motion is combined rotary-reciprocating, life reduces. The ANNOVA study showed that P-value and significance F are very small, which represented that the regression model is effective

Numerical investigation on effect of different projectile nose shapes on ballistic impact of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg alloy

In the last few years, due to the superior mechanical qualities of Additive Manufacturing (AM) AlSi10Mg alloy to those of traditional casting process AlSi10Mg alloys, the application of AM technology has significantly increased. The ballistic impact research has a wide range of uses, notably in the mining, construction, spacecraft and defence sectors. This work focuses on analyzing the behavior of different projectile nose shapes on the AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated by AM. There are several projectile nose forms to consider, including blunt, hemispherical, conical, and ogive shapes. The impact of various projectile shapes on the ballistic limit of the additively created AlSi10Mg alloy is carefully examined in this study. All numerical simulations were carried out using LS-DYNA software, and the Johnson-Cook material and damage model were considered to assess the ballistic resistance behavior. The ballistic limit for various projectile shapes is computed using the Jonas-Lambert model, which describes the connection between residual velocity and starting projectile velocity. The results showed that, the ogive-shaped Projectile offers the highest ballistic limit, and the blunt projectile shows the lowest ballistic limit for a 5 mm thin target plate. The ballistic impact phenomenon showed plugging failure for the blunt nose projectile, the formation of plug and small fragments were observed in the case of hemispherical nose projectile, fragmenting failure is observed with radial necking in the case of conical nose projectile and petals are formed at the impacted zone in ogive nose shape projectile. Moreover, the ballistic limit of AM AlSi10Mg alloy was slightly higher compared to the ballistic limit of the die-cast AlSi10Mg alloy for the 7.62 mm AP bullet (core). Therefore, AM AlSi10Mg alloy may have equal or good ballistic properties compared to die-cast AlSi10Mg alloy

Implementation of time release technology in formulation development and evaluation of sustained release tablet of Lornoxicam

In present study, the attempts have been made to formulate sustained release tablets of lornoxicam by direct compression method. Based on viscosity grades different proportions of hydrophilic polymers (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M) are used for preparation of lornoxicam sustained release matrix tablet. The drug excipient mixtures were subjected to preformulation studies comprising of micromeritic properties. The tablets were subjected to various studies like as physicochemical studies, in vitro drug release, kinetic studies, etc. FTIR studies shown there was no interaction between drug and polymers. The physicochemical properties of tablets were found within the limits. Lornoxicam is a first generation analgesic, inflammatory and antipyretic agent used in relieving symptoms of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute sciatica and low back pain. From developed formulations batch F1 have shown zero order drug release behavior and prolong drug release over a period of 12 h which was deemed as suitable and optimum formulation for sustained drug delivery. Results of the present study indicated the suitability of the low viscous polymer in the proportion of (drug:polymer) 1:1 in the preparation of sustained release formulation of lornoxicam