Gestão ambiental urbana para a preservação de edifícios com valor patrimonial na cidade de Holguín. Aplicado ao museu Casa Natal de Calixto García

This research aims to design an urban environmental management procedure for the preservation of buildings with heritage value, with an emphasis on the environment. It has been based on the systematic identification of affectations, which favors a better and effective decision-making since the consensus of multidisciplinary and multisectoral working groups in a flexible and systematic process, through three stages to plan - organize, to regulate - execut and to monitor – control with nine steps that help and detail the internal processes of each stage. Its application as a case study to the Casa Natal de Calixto García museum has been a working tool for specialists and managers. It also made it possible to generate changes and favorable impacts on the property in contribution to the care, protection and defense of said construction and therefore the legacy to future generations.La presente investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar un procedimiento de gestión ambiental urbana para la preservación de edificaciones con valor patrimonial, con énfasis en lo ambiental. Se ha sustentado en la identificación sistemática de afectaciones, lo que favorece una mejor y eficaz toma de decisiones a partir del consenso de grupos de trabajo multidisciplinarios y multisectoriales en un proceso flexible y sistemático a través de tres etapas que planifican-organizan, regulan-ejecutan y monitorean-controlan, con nueve pasos en general que ayudan y detallan los procesos internos de cada etapa. Su aplicación como caso de estudio al museo Casa Natal de Calixto García ha sido un instrumento de trabajo para especialistas y directivos. Posibilitó también generar cambios e impactos favorables en el inmueble en contribución al cuidado, amparo y defensa de dicha construcción y, por ende, el legado a las futuras generaciones.O objetivo desta pesquisa é elaborar um procedimento de gestão ambiental urbana para a preservação de edificações com valor patrimonial, com ênfase nas questões ambientais. Tem se baseado na identificação sistemática de afetações, o que favorece uma melhor e eficaz tomada de decisões baseadas no consenso de grupos de trabalho multidisciplinares e multissetoriais em um processo flexível e sistemático em três etapas que planejam-organizam, regulam-executam e monitoram-controle, com nove etapas em geral que auxiliam e detalham os processos internos de cada etapa. A sua aplicação como estudo de caso ao museu Casa Natal de Calixto García tem sido um instrumento de trabalho para especialistas e gestores. Também possibilitou gerar mudanças e impactos favoráveis ao imóvei, contribuindo para o cuidado, proteção e defesa dessa construção e, portanto, legado para as gerações futuras

Application of digital architectural photogrammetry on conservation of heritage buildings

Este artículo sintetiza los aspectos fundamentales de la investigación sobre la aplicación de la fotogrametría digital con el fin de mantener y/o recuperar los valores del patrimonio histórico de una nación, estimulando la conciencia de realizar remodelaciones en las obras arquitectónicas para su conservación, previendo catalogar cada época, para conformar un registro fotográfico que permita con posterioridad tratamientos de restauración o reconstrucción de inmuebles (medición, levantamiento, creación de planos y otros detalles), siguiendo los lineamientos de rigurosidad propuestos al respecto por los principales organismos nacionales e internacionales: Consejo Internacional de Monumentos y Sitios, Comité Internacional de Fotogrametría Arquitectural. El trabajo tiene el objetivo de proponer una técnica simple de fotogrametría en combinación con Sistemas de Información Geográfica SIG para realizar acciones de conservación del patrimonio edificado del casco histórico de la ciudad de Holguín, Cuba. Se propone la cámara digital como herramienta para este tipo de levantamientos, exponiendo sus características más importantes para tal fin.Abstract: This article concerns the application of digital photogrammetry in order to maintain and/or restore historic heritage valuesof a nation, stimulating awareness of perform ingarchitectural remodeling works for conservation, providing catalog every time, to form A photographic record after allowing restoration treatments or reconstruction of buildings (measuring, surveying, building plans and other details), following stringent guidelines proposed in this regard by leading national and international organizations: International Council on Monuments and Sites, International Committee of Architectural Photogrammetry. This work aims proposing a simple technique of photogrammetry in combination with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to conservation actions of the historic of Holguin city´s built heritage, Cuba. Digital camera is proposed as a tool for this type of survey, giving the most important features for this purpose

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN