Tratamiento ortopédico funcional de los maxilares y ortodóntico en paciente con síndrome del cromosoma X- frágil. Reporte de caso

The Fragile-X Syndrome (FXS) is a disorder linked to X chromosome, on the long arm Xq27.3, causing several changes such as behavioral problems, intellectual disability, macroorchidism, large and prominent auricles, deep and ogival palate, mandibular prognathism, increased mandibular angle, malocclusion, and dental anomalies. The objective was to present a case of a 16-year-old patient with FXS, leukoderma, submitted to orthopedic functional maxillary treatment to correct dental crowding. In general, clinical examination, behavioral changes such as shyness, anxiety, emotional lability, sporadic disturbances of behavior associated with mild mental disabilities were remarkable. After panoramic radiographic evaluation and cephalometric tracings, it was decided to install the functional orthopedic appliance of the jaws, Indirect Flat Planes type, for later corrective orthodontic treatment. At beginning of treatment, there was a difficulty in understanding and collaborating, not only from the patient’s side but also from the mother’s. After five months, even with the improvement in stomatognathic functions, orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance was started, which was concluded after two years. Success of functional and / or orthodontic jaw orthopedics treatment, especially in FXS, is based on behavioral approach and motivation in all stages, by the professional as well as a collaborative family environment.El síndrome X frágil (SXF) es un trastorno ligado al cromosoma X, en el brazo largo Xq27.3, que provoca diversas alteraciones como problemas de conducta, deficiencia intelectual, macroorquidia, pabellones auditivos grandes y prominentes, paladar profundo y ojival, prognatismo mandibular, maloclusión y anomalías dentarias. El objetivo de este informe fue presentar el caso clínico de una paciente de 16 años con SXF, leucodermia, que se sometió a un tratamiento ortopédico funcional de los maxilares para la corrección del apiñamiento dentario. En el examen clínico se observaron timidez, ansiedad, inestabilidad emocional, trastornos conductuales esporádicos asociados a discapacidad intelectual leve, alteraciones craneofaciales y oclusales. Luego del estudio, evaluación radiográfica panorámica y trazados cefalométricos, se decidió instalar un dispositivo ortopédico funcional de maxilar, tipo Pistas Planas Indirectas, para posterior tratamiento ortodóncico correctivo. Bien al inicio del tratamiento se observó dificultad de comprensión y colaboración por parte de la paciente y su responsable (madre) y, luego de 5 meses, aún con mejoras en las funciones estomatognáticas, se inició el tratamiento ortodóntico con dispositivo fijo, el que fue concluido luego de dos años. El éxito del tratamiento de ortopedia funcional de los maxilares y/u ortodóntico, principalmente en el SXF, se basa en el abordaje comportamental y motivación en todas las etapas del tratamiento por el profesional, así como en un ambiente familiar colaborativo

Decoronation followed by dental implants placement: fundamentals, applications and explanations

ABSTRACT Dental arches areas with teeth presenting dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement root resorption can be considered as presenting normal bone, in full physiological remodeling process; and osseointegrated implants can be successfully placed. Bone remodeling will promote osseointegration, regardless of presenting ankylosis and/or replacement root resorption. After 1 to 10 years, all dental tissues will have been replaced by bone. The site, angulation and ideal positioning in the space to place the implant should be dictated exclusively by the clinical convenience, associated with previous planning. One of the advantages of decoronation followed by dental implants placement in ankylosed teeth with replacement resorption is the maintenance of bone volume in the region, both vertical and horizontal. If possible, the buccal part of the root, even if thin, should be preserved in the preparation of the cavity for the implant, as this will maintain gingival tissues looking fully normal for long periods. In the selection of cases for decoronation, the absence of microbial contamination in the region - represented by chronic periapical lesions, presence of fistula, old unconsolidated root fractures and active advanced periodontal disease - is important. Such situations are contraindications to decoronation. However, the occurrence of dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement resorption without contamination should neither change the planning for implant installation, nor the criteria for choosing the type and brand of dental implant to be used. Failure to decoronate and use dental implants has never been reported

Decoronation followed by dental implants placement: fundamentals, applications and explanations

<div><p>ABSTRACT Dental arches areas with teeth presenting dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement root resorption can be considered as presenting normal bone, in full physiological remodeling process; and osseointegrated implants can be successfully placed. Bone remodeling will promote osseointegration, regardless of presenting ankylosis and/or replacement root resorption. After 1 to 10 years, all dental tissues will have been replaced by bone. The site, angulation and ideal positioning in the space to place the implant should be dictated exclusively by the clinical convenience, associated with previous planning. One of the advantages of decoronation followed by dental implants placement in ankylosed teeth with replacement resorption is the maintenance of bone volume in the region, both vertical and horizontal. If possible, the buccal part of the root, even if thin, should be preserved in the preparation of the cavity for the implant, as this will maintain gingival tissues looking fully normal for long periods. In the selection of cases for decoronation, the absence of microbial contamination in the region - represented by chronic periapical lesions, presence of fistula, old unconsolidated root fractures and active advanced periodontal disease - is important. Such situations are contraindications to decoronation. However, the occurrence of dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement resorption without contamination should neither change the planning for implant installation, nor the criteria for choosing the type and brand of dental implant to be used. Failure to decoronate and use dental implants has never been reported.</p></div