Spectral studies of some hydroxy-derivatives of anthraquinones

The u.v., visible, and i.r. spectra of several hydroxy-anthraquinones are discussed and the bands are assigned. These bands are compared with those of anthracene and anthraquinone. The band at 207 nm. is assigned to a n-sigma* transition; the bands at 252, 272, and 326 nm. are assigned by measuring spectra in solvents of various polarities. The stability constant for the 12-dihydroxyanthraquinone-ethanol complex is obtained

Developing a Greenometer for green manufacturing assessment

In this paper a toolbox (Greenometer) to assess the greenness level of manufacturing companies is proposed. The assessment approach is based on capturing the relative greenness position of any company among other industries from different sectors as well as within the same sector. The assessment was based on selected greenness attributes and their composing indicators at each of the two levels of the developed Greenometer. Geometric Mean Method (GMM) was adopted to be the generic assessment technique for cross industries greenness evaluation, while Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was employed to assess the greenness level of intra-industries layer. Three different industrial applications were used to demonstrate the applicability of the developed Greenometer. Results highlighted how the proposed tool can be a useful for manufacturing managers not only in understanding their green performance position at various levels, but also aiding them in their green transformation/improvement efforts. Specifically, the Greenometer assessment scores will help in setting plans through highlighting prioritized areas of required improvement as well as offering quantitative targets and tracking metrics along the transformation journey

Značajke građe i optička svojstava otpuštenih tankih slojeva cdin2se4

CdIn2Se4 chalcogenides thin films were prepared by thermal evaporation process. The effect of thermal annealing in vacuum on the growth characteristics of the deposited films was studied using X-ray and transmission electron microscopy techniques. It was observed that the as deposited films (300 K) were poorly crystalline. The degree of crystallinity increases with increasing the annealing temperature from 300 to 500 K. The compositional elemental analysis of CdIn2Se4 thin films annealed at 500 K was found to be nearly stoichiometric, however, films annealed in vacuum at 575 K partially dissociated into two binary phases with CdIn2Se4 as the major phase. The effect of the annealing temperature on the dispersion of the refractive index of the deposited films was investigated and analyzed within the single effective-oscillator approach. Changes of the dispersion parameters were also investigated as a function of the annealing temperature. Analysis of the optical absorption data revealed the existence of allowed direct and indirect optical transitions, and both values of energy gaps decrease with increasing annealing temperature.Isparavanjem u vakuumu pripremali smo tanke slojeve halkogenida CdIn2Se4. Proučavali smo učinke toplinskog otpuštanja u vakuumu na strukturne značajke naparenih slojeva primjenom difrakcije X-zračenja i prolazne elektronske mikroskopije. Opaža se da su svježe (na 300 K) napareni slojevi slabo kristalinični. Stupanj kristaliničnosti povećava se s povišenjem temperature otpuštanja između 300 i 500 K. Analize elementalnog sastava tankih slojeva CdIn2Se4 otpuštenih do 500 K pokazale su gotovo točan stoihiometrijski sastav, međutim, slojevi otpušteni na 575 K djelomično se razlažu u dvije binarne faze, dok CdIn2Se4 ostaje glavna faza. Mjerili smo učinke otpuštanja na disperzivnost indeksa loma naparenih slojeva i analizirali ishode jedno-oscilatornim modelom. Promjene parametara disperzije također smo istraživali u ovisnosti o temperaturi otpuštanja. Analize podataka za optičku apsorpciju ukazuju na postojanje dozvoljenih izravnih i neizravnih optičkih prijelaza s padom širina procijepa za povećne temperature otpuštanja

A Case of Clinically Diagnosed ANCA Negative Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Granulomatosis with polyangitis (GPA) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis comprising of inflammation of small and medium-sized vessels.1 It typically presents with involvement of the upper and lower airways as well as the kidneys. If left untreated, end-organ damage may occur. Hematological investigations typically demonstrate the presence of antinuclear cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA).2 Here, we discuss an unusual presentation of ANCA negative GPA, presenting initially with nasal symptoms

Utilisation du PEG 6000 dans la détermination de l'activité biologique des tannins de certains arbustes méditerranéens

5 páginas, 2 tablas.--In Porqueddu C. (ed.), Ríos S. (ed.) . The contributions of grasslands to the conservation of Mediterranean biodiversity . Zaragoza : CIHEAM-IAMZ/CIBIO/FAO/SEEP, 2010. p. 209-213 : 12 réf., 2 tabl.: (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens ; n. 92). 13. Meeting of the Sub-Network on Mediterranean Forage Resources of the FAO-CIHEAM International Network for the Research and Development of Pasture and Forage Crops, 2010/04/07-10, Alicante (Spain)[EN] Samples of foliage from some Tunisian shrub species (Erica arborea, Myrtus communis, Pistacia lentiscus and Phillyrea angustifolia) harvested in summer from a semi arid grazing mountain area of Tunisia were examined for their chemical composition and kinetics of gas production in presence and absence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). Total condensed tannin contents (TCT) were also analysed. Crude protein (CP) content varied widely (40-93 g/kg DM) NDF content ranged from 440 g/kg DM in M. communis to 587 g/kg DM in P. lentiscus. The highest ADF content was for E. arborea (410 g/kg DM) and the lowest for M. communis (270 g/kg DM). High levels of CT were observed in E. arborea followed by P. lentiscus, and M. communis, whereas CT was almost absent in Ph. angustifolia. Asymptotic gas production (A), rate of gas production (c) and gas produced at 24 h of incubation (G24) were generally low in E. arborea and high in Ph. angustifolia. Addition of PEG to the incubation medium increased the parameters of gas production (A, G24 and c). This increase was more noticeable in E. arborea and less detected in Ph. angustifolia. Based on their crude protein and tannin contents, M. communis and P. angustifolia, may play an important role in providing fodder for ruminants even during the dry season when the other forages are scarce. However the foliage of E. arborea and P. lentiscus could have a potential nutritive value as when its tannin content is biologically inactivated by using a tannin-binding agent.[FR] La composition chimique et la cinétique de production de gaz en présence et en absence du PEG ont été examinées sur des échantillons de certaines espèces arbustives (Erica arborea, Myrtus communis, Pistacea lentiscus and Phillyrea angustifolia) collectées en été sur la montagne du nord ouest (semi-aride) de la Tunisie. Les teneurs de ces espèces en tannins condensés (TC) ont été aussi déterminées. Le contenu en protéine brut (PB) oscille entre 40 et 93 g/kg MS Le contenu en fibre neutre digestible (FND) varie de 440 g/kg MS (M. communis ) à 587 g/kg MS (P. lenticus). Le contenu le plus élevé en fibre acide digestible (FAD) a été enregistré au niveau de E. arborea. Cependant les TC ont été pratiquement absents dans le feuillage de Ph. angustifolia. La production de gaz assymptotique (A), le rythme de production de gaz (c) et la production de gaz à 24h d'incubation (G24) ont été généralement faibles pour E. arborea et élevés pour Ph. angustifolia. L'addition du PEG au milieu d'incubation s'est accompagnée par une augmentation des paramètres de production de gaz (A, G24 and c). Cette élévation a été plus notable pour E. arborea et moins détectée pour Ph. angustifolia. En se basant sur les teneurs en PB et en TC, les feuillages de M. communis et Ph. Angustifolia pourraient jouer un rôle important dans l'approvisionnement des aliments aux ruminants même durant la période de sécheresse lorsque les autres fourrages sont rares. Cependant, les feuillages de E. arborea et P. lentiscus pourraient avoir une valeur nutritionnelle importante une fois leurs tannins sont biologiquement désactivés en utilisant un agent détecteur des tannins.Peer reviewe

Protective effect of propolis on manganese chloride neurotoxicity of olfactory bulb in adult male albino rat

Background: Manganese (Mn) is widely used for industrial purposes and exposure to high levels of Mn may cause an irreversible brain disease. Propolis is a natural plant product; it acts as a powerful reactive oxygen species scavenger and improves the neurodegeneration process. Materials and methods: In this study 40 adult male albino rats were divided randomly into four groups 10 rats each: group I (control group), group II manganese chloride (MnCl2) received 10 mg/kg/day/orally for 4 weeks by intra-gastric tube, group III (propolis group) received 50 mg/kg/day/orally for 4 weeks by intra-gastric tube, and group IV (MnCl2 + propolis group) received the same doses with the same duration and route as in groups II and III. Rats were sacrificed after 24 h of last dose. The olfactory bulbs removed, the right bulb cut to be processed for haematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical staining and the left cut for electron microscopic studies. Results: Results revealed that rat olfactory bulb from MnCl2 group showed darkly stained mitral cells with dark pyknotic nuclei, some show pericellular spaces and vacuolation, dark apoptotic cells in granular cells, neuropil vacuolation and pyknotic astrocyte. Electron microscopic examination showed abnormal granular cell with irregular damaged nuclear membrane, rupture of myelin fibre. Mitral nerve cell with destructed nucleus, many cytoplasmic vacuoles, swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum, vacuolated mitochondria and neuropil were observed. Manganese chloride + propolis group showed improvement compared to MnCl2 group. Conclusions: It was concluded that propolis can ameliorate the toxic changes of manganese chloride on rat olfactory bulb

Solitary wave dynamics in time-dependent potentials

We rigorously study the long time dynamics of solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in {\it time-dependent} external potentials. To set the stage, we first establish the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for a generalized nonautonomous nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. We then show that in the {\it space-adiabatic} regime where the external potential varies slowly in space compared to the size of the soliton, the dynamics of the center of the soliton is described by Hamilton's equations, plus terms due to radiation damping. We finally remark on two physical applications of our analysis. The first is adiabatic transportation of solitons, and the second is Mathieu instability of trapped solitons due to time-periodic perturbations.Comment: 38 pages, some typos corrected, one reference added, one remark adde