Pregnancy, child bearing and prevention of giving birth to the affected children in patients with primary immunodeficiency disease;a case-series

Background: Patients with primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) who survive to adulthood and willing to have a child mostly are worried whether their disease affects their fertility and/or pregnancy and also if their child would be predisposed to PID. Case presentation: We report the outcome of conception, pregnancy and their management in 9 families with definite diagnosis of PID. A chronic granulomatous disease subject with an uneventful pregnancy developed fungal sacral osteomyelitis few weeks after delivery. A pregnant common variable immunodeficiency disease (CVID) patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenia had platelet count dropped before delivery. A sever neutropenic mother who refused to get IFN gamma. delivered two healthy children. A CVID case intolerant to Mg with eclampsia and PTE delivered a baby. Another CVID female gave birth to a baby without being on any treatment since she was not diagnosed with immunodeficiency disease at that time. A healthy girl was implanted via preimplantation gender selection in a family who owned a Wiskott Aldrich-affected son. A family who had two children with Ataxia Telangiectasia used donated oocyte for their 3rd child. Prenatal genetic diagnosis was used to screen the fetus for the impaired BTK and CVID genes detected in sibling and father respectively in 2 separate families. Conclusion: Pregnancy in PID patients is more complex than normal population. Because, not only it has the chance of being inherited by the offspring, but also there are some risks for the mother if she has any kind of immunity component defects. So consultation with a clinical geneticist is crucial to choose the best available approach. They also should be observed and followed by a clinical immunologist to take the best possible safe care

Motivations Behind Negative Reviews

Online reviews play a strategic role in the decision-making of individuals and accordingly, the sales and reputation management of businesses. Despite the significant role of reviews, the subject of motivations for posting reviews has been relatively less investigated. This is specifically important since when the online review is negative, it can immediately and negatively affect a company financially by deteriorating its image. Therefore, further investigation regarding negative online reviewing motivation with the accompany of theory building and empirical study is needed. To address this gap, this study adopted the two motivational theories of self-determination and expectancy to investigate the relationship of motivation quality and motivation force with the intention to write negative reviews. In order to empirically test the proposed model, a pilot study was first conducted to ensure the quality of the questionnaire. After the necessary refinement of the pilot questionnaire, the final questionnaire was developed, and a two-step PLS-SEM along with a CMB analysis was conducted on the collected data. The study responded to recent calls on developing a more comprehensive understanding of negative review writing motivations. The study offered a new perspective with regards to the quality of motivations for engaging in such actions by empirically indicating that individuals\u27 behavioral intention to write a negative review is a result of intrinsic motivation and a variety of extrinsic motivations. Furthermore, this study allowed for the examination of the dynamic, inter-related impact of motivations on one another in addition to taking into consideration the aspects of each motivation that an individual considers to carry out an action. While providing important theoretical contributions in the context of negative review writing motivations, the findings of the study also offer valuable practical implications for practitioners of the hospitality industry

The Complex System of Destination Image: Attack, Failure, and Control

Destination image is among the most investigated subjects in tourism literature. Previous studies have predominantly adopted a reductionist approach in investigating components of destination image. Reductionist approach, however, does not provide any knowledge on a complex system behavior (i.e., destination image). By using complex system approach and network science, the current study investigates the structure of Curaçao tourism destination image as a scale-free network of businesses and their related attitudinal constructs from TripAdvisor. Results showed that Curaçao’s destination image is categorized as a complex system with the least controllability. Furthermore, the major hubs of Curaçao Island’s image that are susceptible to deliberate attacks of nearby competitors were identified. Our findings call for a need of more unique hubs in Curaçao image network to consolidate the system in handling deliberate attack

Negative Reviews: Formation, Spread, And Halt Of Opportunistic Behavior

Studies have shown that companies conduct compensation strategies in times of service failure to enhance recovery satisfaction and purchase intention. The role of compensation strategy in individuals’ propensity to leave fake negative reviews, however, has not been well studied. Accordingly, the present conceptual study addresses this gap. First, we present how customers’ deviant behavior is the result of companies’ service recovery strategies (i.e., compensation strategy) themselves. Next, we present how deviant behavior spreads out in a network and then comes to a halt. The paper concludes with a presentation of the conceptual model of the manifestation of individuals’ online deviant behavior. The research is important from both theoretical and managerial perspectives. From a theoretical outlook, this study adds to the literature on the dark side of guest services by investigating deviant behavior of customers and their strong ties. The research provides practitioners with a new perspective on how their service recovery strategy of compensation can lead to individuals displaying online deviant behavior and how they should address the issue

Investigation of the Factors Hindering and Promoting Tourism Evidences from Villages of Abyaneh Village

Rural tourism, a dynamic industry with a promising future, can play a key role in economic improvement of talented countries such as Iran. Abyaneh village is one of the best-known villages in both Iran and the world. The number of annual visitors of this ancient village is approximately 550,000 that is a considerable number. Within a short radius of Abyaneh there are five villages (Barz, Tare, Komjan, Yarand, Hanjan) with a lot of potentials to develop rural tourism. But only 20% of tourists of Abyaneh population consider the surrounding villages as a separate destination. The large number of tourists visiting Abyaneh village provides opportunity for managing rural tourism in this area is to attract tourists to the surrounding villages around Abyaneh. In the present study, the hindering and promoting factors of fostering tourism in these villages have been compared by both the surrounded villagers' and locals' of Abyaneh village. To this end, 222 questionnaires were distributed among the individuals and the means were compared using Mann-Whitney test. The most important unfavorable factor, from the surrounded villagers' point of view, is lack of enough advertising and marketing and from the locals of Abyaneh village points of view, is the shortage of attractions, compared with attractions of Abyaneh

Responding to Negative Reviews? The Tnterplay of Management Response Strategy and Service Failure Type

Restaurants often struggle with their approach to respond to service failure online. In this scenario-based experiment, the researchers study the effectiveness of management response types along with two overarching types of service failure concerning three outcomes. Some of the significant results are that it is not important whether the restaurant offers compensation or apology; as long as management responds to negative reviews, company\u27s reputation management works and customers are willing to shop from the restaurant. However, interestingly, with respect to customers\u27 recovery satisfaction, the findings underscored that companies should either not respond at all or should compensate dissatisfied customers instead of only writing an apology. Concerning the simultaneous existence of the technical and functional dimensions of a service failure regarding customers\u27 recovery satisfaction and their willingness to purchase from the restaurant, the findings underlined the centrality of technical dimension that is in contradiction with prior research findings. A discussion on findings is presented along with recommendations for future research

Investigating Information Adoption Tendencies Based On Restaurants’ User-Generated Content Utilizing A Modified Information Adoption Model

Social media has boosted information sharing and user-generated content. Consequently, many restaurant goers rely on online reviews for dining recommendations. This study adds to the sparse literature on the influence of review extremeness, source credibility, website quality, and information usefulness on information adoption. Most notably, a modified information adoption model with the addition of website quality was tested in the context of restaurant review websites. Respondents answered survey questions based on what they saw in a simulated restaurant review website, which depicted one of eight scenarios. Results showed that the more negative a review, the more useful it is perceived to be. Perceived source credibility of the review writer was positively related to the perceived information usefulness. The only component of website quality that played a significant role in determining information adoption tendency of the review readers was the quality of the information disseminated in the website. Lastly, information usefulness also was positively related to information adoption

Understanding The Mobile Payment Technology Acceptance Based On Valence Theory: A Case Of Restaurant Transactions

Purpose: This study aims to examine factors affecting restaurant customers’ intention to use near field communication (NFC)-based mobile payment (MP) technology. More specifically, based on the valence theory, this paper examined the impacts of users’ negative valence (perceived risk and privacy concern) and positive valence (utilitarian value and convenience) perceptions toward their NFC-MP technology acceptance. Furthermore, the impacts of individual difference variables (smartphone affinity and compatibility) on users’ negative and positive valences and on their behavioral intentions were analyzed. Design/methodology/approach: A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect the data of the study from 412 restaurant customers. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to validate the measurement model. To test the hypothesized model, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Findings: The study findings demonstrated that privacy concern, utilitarian value and convenience significantly affected individuals’ NFC-MP technology acceptance. In addition, compatibility significantly influenced negative and positive valance constructs and smartphone affinity had a positive impact on positive valance constructs only. Practical implications: This study provides valuable practical implications for restaurant operators and hospitality technology vendors in the context of mobile payment systems. Originality/value: This study successfully extended the valence framework by adding individual difference constructs to it

Social Media And Destination Marketing

Advancements in information communication technologies (ICTs) and internet tools have transformed the way businesses are run in the service and manufacturing industries. The tourism industry is no exception to this transformation; and with its increased accessibility, travellers have become more dependent on the internet not just for seeking out basic information, but for planning an entire trip. Today, travellers can easily access information about any destination in the world, plan and book their trips, and share memories of their vacations via their computers and mobile devices. For instance, a recent study conducted by Google (Google/Ipsos Media, 2014), which surveyed 3,500 US leisure travellers who made at least one trip for personal reasons, revealed that travellers routinely turn to the internet during the early stages of trip planning

Understanding the mobile payment technology acceptance based on valence theory

Purpose: This study aims to examine factors affecting restaurant customers’ intention to use near field communication (NFC)-based mobile payment (MP) technology. More specifically, based on the valence theory, this paper examined the impacts of users’ negative valence (perceived risk and privacy concern) and positive valence (utilitarian value and convenience) perceptions toward their NFC-MP technology acceptance. Furthermore, the impacts of individual difference variables (smartphone affinity and compatibility) on users’ negative and positive valences and on their behavioral intentions were analyzed. Design/methodology/approach: A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect the data of the study from 412 restaurant customers. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to validate the measurement model. To test the hypothesized model, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Findings: The study findings demonstrated that privacy concern, utilitarian value and convenience significantly affected individuals’ NFC-MP technology acceptance. In addition, compatibility significantly influenced negative and positive valance constructs and smartphone affinity had a positive impact on positive valance constructs only. Practical implications: This study provides valuable practical implications for restaurant operators and hospitality technology vendors in the context of mobile payment systems. Originality/value: This study successfully extended the valence framework by adding individual difference constructs to it