Investigating effective factors on risk perception, safety attitude and safety performance of construction workers of Shiraz city, 2012

Background and Aims: Construction sites are one of the most hazardous places in industries because of variety of activities, hazards and harmful agents. Therefore, workers employed in these sites are always exposed to risks of injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors of risk perception, safety attitude and performance on construction workers.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, effective factors on risk perception, safety attitude and performance of 295 construction workers in Shiraz city were investigated. The study was conducted using a validated questionnaire which was completed through interview. Data were analyzed by using SPSS16. The level of significance was considered 0.05.Results: While the risk perception of 77.6 % of the study population was high, only 48.5 % had high safety attitude. However, 93.6% of construction workers had high safety performance. Among studied variables, association of risk perception with age, education and being witness of accident was significant. Moreover, the association of safety attitude with having insurance and safety performance with work experience, marital status and occurrence of accident for relatives was significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: The result of this study showed that by increasing risk perception of construction workers, their attitude and safety performance could be improved.Key words: Construction workers, Risk perception, Safety attitude, Construction sit

Investigation of Prognostic Factors and Survival without Recurrence in Patients with Breast Cancer

Background: One of the major consequences of breast cancer is the recurrence of the disease. The objective of present study was to estimate the 7-year survival without recurrence as well as the effective prognostic factors in recurrence. Materials and Methods: This historical cohort survival analysis was conducted on 1329 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in Motahari Breast Clinic, Shiraz, Iran between 2004 and 2011. We estimated the rate of survival without recurrence through the Kaplan–Meier method and the difference between the survival curves was investigated using the log-rank test. Furthermore, Cox regression model was used to model the effective factors in local recurrence as well as metastasis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.8 ± 11.4 years. Estrogen receptor positive, progesterone receptor positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive were observed in 70.6%, 66.6%, and 34.4% of the cases, respectively. The mean of the follow-up period was 3.7 ± 1.8 years in all patients. The results of the Kaplan–Meier method revealed 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year rate of survival without recurrence as 96.4%, 78.4%, 66.3%, and 54.8%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between survival without recurrence and histology grade (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.66, P = 0.009), neural invasion (HR = 1.74, P = 0.006), and progesterone receptors (HR = 0.69, P = 0.031). Conclusion: In this study, the rate of survival without recurrence in breast cancer was 54.8%. Among factors, histology grade and neural involvement at the time of diagnosis increased the chance of recurrence and progesterone receptors caused a longer interval between diagnosis and recurrence