Few determinants of compulsive buying of youth in Pakistan

Consumer compulsive buying has been an important area of study in consumer behavior research. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of factors like age, tendency to spend, post purchase guilt, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending and dysfunctional spending on compulsive buying behavior of youth in Pakistan. The primary data for this study was collected from questionnaire that was administered in Bahawalpur, Lahore and Islamabad. A convenience sample of three hundred and seventy one respondents was used in the study. Statistical techniques of correlation and regression were used for data analysis. The empirical findings show that the age has a significant but negative relationship with the compulsive buying behavior. However the factors tendency to spend, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending, dysfunctional spending and post purchase guilt are positively related to compulsive buying behavior.Compulsive buying behavior; Youth, Pakistan; Tendency to spend; Drive to spend Compulsively; Feeling about shopping and spending; Dysfunctional spending; Post purchase guilt; Age

Comparison of oral versus vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour at term

Background: Preinduction cervical ripening has a great influence on induction of labor. For induction of labor various methods are used. Mechanical methods are Foleys catheter with or without extra-amniotic saline. Various pharmacological methods are misoprostol, dinoprostone, and oxytocin.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on 100 patients with 50 patients in each group in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Government Medical College, Srinagar from June 2020 to March 2021 over a period of 9 months. Induction with oral misoprostol or vaginal misoprostol was done in respective groups. Various parameters noted were induction delivery interval, number of doses needed, mode of delivery, and fetomaternal outcome.Results: Average number of doses of misoprostol in oral group was 3.84 and average number of doses in vaginal group was 1.90. Mean induction delivery interval in oral group was 16 hours and 10.94 hours in vaginal group. 32% patients delivered by full-term vaginal delivery (FTVD) in oral group and 18% underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), while as 38% patients in vaginal group had FTVD and only 12% patients underwent LSCS.Conclusions: Our data supported the fact that induction with vaginal misoprostol can be equally effective in either oral or vaginal route. However, induction with vaginal misoprostol leads to shorter induction delivery interval compared to induction with oral misoprostol. Our study also highlighted the fact that induction with vaginal misoprostol requires lesser doses as compared to that with oral misoprostol. However, there are no significant differences in number of caesareans between the two groups. Difference in neonatal APGAR scores and maternal complications were non-significant in both the groups

THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN WORK ENGAGEMENT: THE MODERATING ROLE OF A BUREAUCRATIC AND SUPPORTIVE CULTURE

Work engagement has been a critical issue to business leaders,policy makers, human resources managers, supervisors, organizationalconsultants, and organizations at large. Rare research has been doneon how leadership styles impact work engagement levels in privateand public sector banks, especially in the context of developingcountries’ varying organizational cultures. The paper offers anempirical research model on leadership styles: transactional andtransformational leadership and their impacts on work engagementlevels in the presence of the moderating role of bureaucratic andsupportive culture. Approximately 700 self-administeredquestionnaires were circulated among employees of private- andpublic-sector banks using a simple random sampling technique. Theresults reveal that transformational leadership has a stronger positiveinfluence on work engagement levels only in private-sector banks.Also, the supportive culture of private banks strengthen the positiveassociation between transformational leadership and workengagement levels. Conversely, a bureaucratic culture has beenmoderated and has strengthened the relationship betweentransactional and work engagement in public-sector banks

Posterior mediastinal branchial cleft cyst: an unusual site

A two and a half year old Kenyan girl presented with recurrent chest infections and difficulty in swallowing. Her clinical and laboratory workup was suggestive of lower respiratory tract infection for which she received a course of antibiotics; however, she remains symptomatic after the management of her suspected diagnosis. Therefore, further radiological workup including a chest CT scan and barium study were performed. This showed a homogeneous mass surrounded by ascending and descending aorta in the posterior mediastinum that was compressing the middle esophagus. She had a posterolateral thoracotomy which revealed a cystic mass with smooth surfaces (5x5 cm) in the posterior mediastinum. Histopathology showed branchial cleft cyst predominately lined by stratified squamous epithelium, with lymphocytes predominance. A final diagnosis of posterior mediastinal branchial cleft cyst was made. She was discharged home and remained well at follow-up

Structural and optical properties of Tin Oxide and Indium doped SnO2 thin films deposited by thermal evaporation technique

Tin Oxide and Indium doped Tin Oxide (SnO2:In) thin films were deposited on glass and Silicon substrates by  thermal evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction pattern of  pure SnO2 and SnO2:In thin films annealed at 650oC and the results showed that the structure have tetragonal phase with preferred orientation in (110) plane. AFM studies showed an inhibition of grain growth with increase in indium concentration. SEM studies of pureSnO2 and  Indium doped tin oxide (SnO2:In) ) thin films showed that the films with regular distribution of particles and they have spherical shape. Optical properties such as Transmission , optical band-gap have been measured and calculated

Effects of perioperative parenteral nutrition on wound healing and hospital stay in surgical patients: a randomized controlled study

Background: The present randomized controlled study was carried out over a period of one year to observe the effects of perioperative parenteral nutrition on wound healing and hospital stay.Methods: Hundred patients, admitted in Department of surgery, Government Medical Srinagar were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A (Study group) and group B (Control group). Group A patients were given perioperative parenteral nutritional support whereas patients in control group received no perioperatve parenteral nutritional support.Results: Complications like wound infections, sepsis, abscess formation, anastomotic leak and wound dehiscence were considerably less in the study group. The time period to resolve complications and overall hospital stay was also less in the study group.Conclusions: Parenteral perioperative nutritional support has a definite role in the management of selected surgical patients. It reduces the septic or non-septic complication and over all post-operative hospital stay. It should be included in the management of surgical patients if affordable.

Few determinants of compulsive buying of youth in Pakistan

Consumer compulsive buying has been an important area of study in consumer behavior research. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of factors like age, tendency to spend, post purchase guilt, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending and dysfunctional spending on compulsive buying behavior of youth in Pakistan. The primary data for this study was collected from questionnaire that was administered in Bahawalpur, Lahore and Islamabad. A convenience sample of three hundred and seventy one respondents was used in the study. Statistical techniques of correlation and regression were used for data analysis. The empirical findings show that the age has a significant but negative relationship with the compulsive buying behavior. However the factors tendency to spend, drive to spend compulsively, feeling about shopping and spending, dysfunctional spending and post purchase guilt are positively related to compulsive buying behavior