Novel method of phase determination in neutron reflectometry using reference layer

We describe a novel method for phase recovery in neutron reflectometry which is based on using Gd reference layer of known thickness. Deposition of Gd reference layer at the top of unknown nanostructure allows us to reconstruct the complex reflection coefficient from the structure and to solve phase problem for magnetic nanostructures under investigation. This method makes it possible to use direct model-independent approaches (for example, Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko approach) to obtain the scattering potential. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-02-00674The research was carried out within the state assignment «Spin» АААА-А18-118020290104-2 and was supported in part by RFBR (project 19-02-00674)

ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ И МИГРАЦИОННАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

International migration has become an integral part of the globalization process and came to the fore on the agenda of world politics. During the given research a large amount of statistical material has been processed and visualized to assess capacity and  nature of labor markets in Russia and countries - members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The basic trends, forming the key aspects of the State migration policy in this sector of economy, which are the factors of competitiveness and implementation of the program of import substitution are identified.Международная миграция стала неотъемлемой частью процесса глобализации и вышла на первый план в повестке дня мировой политики. В ходе данного исследования был обработан и визуализирован большой объем статистического материала для оценки емкости и характера рынков труда России и государств – членов ШОС. Выявлены основные в данном секторе экономики тренды, формирующие ключевые аспекты миграционной политики государства, которые являются факторами обеспечения конкурентоспособности и реализации программы импортозамещения

IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AND MIGRATION POLICY

International migration has become an integral part of the globalization process and came to the fore on the agenda of world politics. During the given research a large amount of statistical material has been processed and visualized to assess capacity and  nature of labor markets in Russia and countries - members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The basic trends, forming the key aspects of the State migration policy in this sector of economy, which are the factors of competitiveness and implementation of the program of import substitution are identified

Technology trajectories, innovation, and the growth of biomimetics

Publication rate of patents can be a useful measure of innovation and productivity in science and technology. Patenting activity in new technological fields follows a sigmoid (S-shaped) path. Qualitative and quantitative models in management and economics literature explain why such patterns of productivity may occur. TRIZ analysis suggests that patents are generated in bursts during the evolution of a product and that they are at different levels of inventiveness. The tendency is for the inventiveness to reduce as the product is more mature. This makes it possible to guess at the lifetime stage of a product and gauge its maturity and profitability. An analysis of patenting activity and other measures of inventiveness in the emerging field of biomimetics was presented, and future trends in biologically-inspired innovation was discussed