Numerical modelling of oil spill in New York Bay

New York Bay is one of the most important transition regions of ships trading to east America. The region plays an important role in the commerce of the New York metropolitan area. The area is surrounded with the coasts that have various levels of environmental sensitivity. The area accommodates high diversity of native ecosystems and species that are rather vulnerable in case of oil spill. Thus getting well informed about the likelihood, or fate, of oil spills around this region is of great importance so that proactive measures can be taken. The purpose of this study is to investigate the oil spill and predict the future accidents likely to be encountered around the Bay of New York. Two trajectory models have been conducted for the study. ADIOS (Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills), has been conducted for natural degradation calculations, and, GNOME (General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment), has been conducted for surface spread simulation. The results gained through these efforts are hoped to be useful for many organizations dealing with oil spill response operations and contribute to an effective and efficient coordination among the relevant institutions

Evaluation of Prognostic Factors and Trastuzumab-based Treatments in HER2/Neu-positive Metastatic Gastric Cancer

Objective: To determine the efficacy of trastuzumab-based treatment in patients with HER2/neu-positive metastatic gastric cancer. Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey, between January 2014 and December 2020. Methodology: The clinicopathological characteristic and treatment data of patients with HER2/neu-positive metastatic gastric cancer were recorded retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to compare the chemotherapy regimens. Results: Sixty-three patients were included in the study. The average age was 61. Female patients accounted for 27% of the total, while male patients accounted for 73%. De novo metastatic cases accounted for 44 (69.8%) of the total number of patients. The median survival time was 13.6 (8-19.3) months. Complete response was 6.3%, partial response was 39.7%, and the stable response was 9.5% with trastuzumab-based chemotherapy. The overall survival (p= 0.45) and progression-free survival (p=0.893) were similar for different chemotherapy regimens. The grade 1-2 to grade 3-4 toxicity ratio was 79.6% and 20.6%, respectively. The patients' performance (p<0.001) and the number of metastatic sites (p=0.001) were both shown to be unfavourable predictive variables for OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The addition of taxane to trastuzumab-based combinations (with platinum and fluoropyrimidine) did not affect overall and progression-free survival in this research. Three or more metastatic sites and poor performance status were found as the unfavourable prognostic variables for overall survival

Serum activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with gastric cancer: Can they be used as biomarkers?

Cellular adhesion molecules might be used as markers in diagnosis and prognosis in some types of malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the serum levels of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule-1 (ALCAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Fifty-eight GC patients and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled into this study. Pretreatment serum markers were determined by the solid-phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median age at diagnosis was 59.5 years (range 32-82 years). Tumor localizations of the majority of the patients were antrum (n = 42, 72.4%) and tumor histopathologies of the majority of the patients were diffuse (n = 43, 74.1%). The majority of the patients had stage IV disease (n = 41, 70.7%). Thirty six (62.1%) patients had lymph node involvement. The median follow-up time was 66 months (range 1-97.2 months). At the end of the observation period, 26 patients (44.8%) were dead. The median survival for all patients was 21.4 +/- 5 months (%95 CI, 11.5-31.3). The 1-year survival rates were 66.2%

Serum levels of LDH, CEA, and CA19-9 have prognostic roles on survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy

Serum LDH, CEA, and CA19-9 levels are important tumor markers in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of serum LDH, CEA, and CA19-9 levels in metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC) receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy

Characterization of gamma-ray and neutron radiation absorption properties of synthesized quinoline derivatives and their genotoxic potential

In this study, six different types of quinoline derivatives were synthesized, which can be used as an anti-radiation drug for active matter and its effects against radiation was determined. The effective removal cross-sections, mean free path, halfvalue layer and neutron transmission number were calculated for fast neutron radiation using the Monte Carlo simulation GEANT4 and FLUKA codes. Gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), effective atom number (Zeff), mean free path (MFP), exposure buildup factor (EBF) and halfvalue layer (HVL) were theoretically calculated using WinXCom and Phy-X/PSD software. Neutron equivalent dose measurements were performed using a 241Am-Be fast neutron source and a BF3 gas detector with 4.5 MeV of energy and 74 GBq activity. Both simulation and experimental measurements were compared with paraffin and conventional concrete. It was found that the quinoline derivative shielding material absorbed radiation much better than these reference materials. Additionally, the genotoxic potentials of the derivatives were assessed by using the yeast DEL assay and the results revealed that the derivatives can be considered genotoxically safe at the tested concentrations (up to 5 mM). It has been suggested that this new radiation shielding derivatives material can be used as active ingredients for a drug to be developed against both neutron and gamma radiation.WOS:0006552929000082-s2.0-8510406323