Climate change, economic growth, and health

This paper studies the interplay between climate, health, and the economy in a stylized world with four heterogeneous regions, labeled 'West' (cold and rich), 'China' (cold and poor), 'India' (warm and poor), and 'Africa' (warm and very poor). We introduce health impacts into a simple integrated assessment model where both the local cooling effect of aerosols as well as the global warming effect of CO2 are endogenous, and investigate how those factors affect the equilibrium path. We show how some of the important aspects of the equilibrium, including emission abatement rates, health costs, and economic growth, depend on the economic and geographical characteristics of each region.

Metal complex oligomer and polymer wires on electrodes: Tactical constructions and versatile functionalities

AbstractThis review covers recent progress in the construction of metal complex wires on various substrates via the stepwise coordination method, their functions, and the electrochemical evaluation of bis(terpyridine)metal complex oligomer wires on electrodes. In the layer-by-layer process of metal complex wire construction, various combinations of anchor ligands, metal sources, and bridging ligands have been used. The prepared structures show multiple functions, including photocurrent generation, catalytic activity, insulation properties, and long-range electron transport abilities. The electron transport behavior, and the long-range electron transport abilities from the terminal redox site to the electrode via bis(terpyridine)metal complex wires, were evaluated using potential step chronoamperometry. The remarkable long-range electron transport abilities were evidenced in the small values for the attenuation factor, β. The influence of the building blocks in the metal complex wires on the β value and the electron transfer rate constant was demonstrated

Climate Change, Economic Growth, and Health

This paper studies the interplay between climate, health, and the economy in a stylized world with four heterogeneous regions, labeled ‘West’ (cold and rich), ‘China’ (cold and poor), ‘India’ (warm and poor), and ‘Africa’ (warm and very poor). We introduce health impacts into a simple integrated assessment model where both the local cooling effect of aerosols as well as the global warming effect of CO2 are endogenous, and investigate how those factors affect the equilibrium path. We show how some of the important aspects of the equilibrium, including emission abatement rates, health costs, and economic growth, depend on the economic and geographical characteristics of each region.

Vacuum Effects and Compressional Properties of Nuclear Matter in Cutoff Field Theory

Including the vacuum effects, the compressional properties of nuclear matter are studied in the cutoff field theory. Under the Hartree approximation, the low-energy effective Lagrangian is derived in the framework of the renormalization group methods. The coefficients are determined in a way where the physical results hardly depend on the value of the cutoff which is conveniently introduced into the theory. It is shown that, to reproduce the empirical data of the nucleus incompressibility, the compressibility of the nuclear matter is favorable to be 250$\sim$350MeV.Comment: PACS numbers, 21.65.+

Küttner's tumor of the sub-mandibular gland associated with fibrosclerosis and follicular hyperplasia of regional lymph nodes: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Küttner's tumor is characterized through histology by peri-ductal fibrosis, dense lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicles, loss of acini, and occasional marked sclerosis of the salivary gland. On occasion, Küttner's tumor can be difficult to distinguish from malignant neoplasm.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 58-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital with a three-month history of a painless swollen mass in the right sub-mandibular region. Histological findings revealed both lymphoid follicles with reactive germinal centers and variously sized lymphoid follicle-like nodules without definitive germinal centers or mantle zones. B-cells of similar size and shape occupied the lymphoid follicle-like nodules and stained positive for B-cell lymphoma. These cells were detected in the polyclonal B-cells by flow cytometric analysis and tested negative for CD10. Unusual B-cell proliferation was observed, but as there was no definitive evidence of B-cell lymphoma, the lesion was diagnosed as Küttner's tumor.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We report on a rare case of Küttner's tumor associated with fibrosclerosis and atypical lymphoid hyperplasia in both the sub-mandibular gland and regional lymph nodes. Although more cases need to be investigated, our findings might be helpful to further studies seeking to clarify the etiology of idiopathic sclerosing lesions arising in the organs and regional lymph nodes.</p

Successful removal of side branch-jailed stent struts by reused balloon

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ラット胎仔肺移植による肺再生と副腎皮質ステロイドによる 肺胞幹細胞分化の促進

Introduction: The lung is a difficult organ to regenerate, and the development of functional lungs has still not been achieved. In this study, we investigated lung regeneration using a rat fetal lung tissue-implanted model. This study aimed to evaluate the functioning of the implanted fetal lung tissue and investigate the graft differentiation and maturation mechanism, focusing on alveolar stem cells. Methods: Fetal lung tissue fragments were obtained from Lewis rats on day 17 and implanted into adult lungs. Animals were divided into the following three groups: group 1, injection into the adult left lung parenchyma; group 2, injection with post-caval lobectomy; and group 3, injection with post-caval lobectomy and corticosteroid administration. Computed tomography was performed on weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8. The presence of alveolar pore, CD31 expression, and bipotential progenitor cell (podoplanin+/surfactant protein C+) localization were histologically evaluated. MiRNA expression was comprehensively compared among the three groups. Results: The grafts comprised type I and type II alveolar cells connected to the recipient lungs with alveolar pores and capillary networks in the interstitial tissue. The alveolar space was the largest and the computed tomography value was the lowest in the grafts of the corticosteroid-administered group. The number of bipotential progenitor cells was the lowest in the corticosteroid administration group on day 7. Moreover, microRNA-487-3p, 374-5p, and 20b-5p expression was changed by more than 2-fold between the post-caval lobectomy and corticosteroid administration groups. Conclusions: Implanted fetal lung tissues established airway and capillary communication with the recipient lungs, and corticosteroids accelerated their maturation by promoting the differentiation of progenitor cells. The study findings provide new insights into lung regeneration research

Non-B hepatocellular carcinoma: influence of age, sex, alcohol, family clustering, blood transfusion and chronic liver disease.

In 144 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 166 cases of cirrhosis without HCC and 142 cases of chronic hepatitis, we examined HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in sera and compared the following factors between hepatitis B virus marker-negative and -positive patients: age, sex, alcohol consumption, family clustering of liver diseases, and histories of blood transfusion and post-transfusion hepatitis. Results of this study demonstrated several distinct differences in clinical backgrounds between non-B (negative for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc) and B (positive for HBsAg) patients with HCC. Non-B patients were significantly older, had a lower frequency of familial tendencies for liver diseases, and more frequently had cancers other than HCC in their families. Some of these differences were also observed between non-B and B patients with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. Among patients with chronic hepatitis, the non-B patients had received blood transfusion or had post-transfusion hepatitis more frequently than the B patients. However, this difference was not apparent in patients with liver cirrhosis or HCC, suggesting that progression of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis to cirrhosis and HCC may not be as frequent as progression to chronic hepatitis.</p