370 research outputs found
Two--loop integrals in chiral perturbation theory
We consider chiral perturbation theory in the meson sector at order . In
the terminology of the external field technique, the two--loop graphs so
generated are of the sunset type. We discuss the evaluation of several of these
in the case where the masses of the particles running in the loops are equal.
In particular, we present integral representations that are suitable for the
evaluation of diagrams in kinematical regions where branch points and cuts are
present.Comment: 28 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures embedded with epsf.st
Differential Expression Of Gap Junction mRNAs And Proteins In The Developing Murine Kidney And In Experimentally Induced Nephric Mesenchymes
The expression of three gap junction (GJ) proteins, alpha-1 (Cx43), beta-1 (Cx32), and beta-2 (Cx26), and their transcripts were examined during the ontogeny of the mouse and rat kidney. These proteins were expressed in two non-overlapping patterns. The alpha-1 GJ protein was first observed in mesenchymal cells in the 12-day mouse kidney. By day 14 and thereafter, the ai protein was detected in the transient S-shaped bodies, but not in the podocytes of the maturing glomeruli. After birth the antigen was retained in a small subset of secretory tubules.The beta-1 and beta-2 GJ proteins were similar in their developmental patterns. They were first detected in a small subset of secretory tubules in the subcortical zone of day 17 embryos. These tubules were identified by immunohistochemical markers to be proximal. At birth, practically all proximal tubules expressed the two antigens.This analysis of GJ proteins was consistent with the results of S1 nuclease protection assays showing that, while the alpha-1 mRNA appeared early during kidney development and declined around birth, the two beta mRNAs appeared later and became intensified during the last days of intrauterine development.In experimentally induced metanephric mesenchymes, a transient expression of the alpha-1 GJ protein was seen during the segregation of the tubular anlagen. beta-1 and beta-2 GJ proteins were not detected in such induced mesenchymes cultivated up to 7 days.These observations provide evidence for the cell-specific utilization of different GJ genes during different stages of kidney organogenesis. The alpha-1 gene is activated during the early segregation of the secretory tubule and might contribute to its compartmentalization, while the beta-1 and beta-2 gene products are not detected until advanced stages of development. The latter gene products might be correlated with the physiological activity of the proximal tubules in vivo, as they are not expressed in experimentally induced tubules detectable with markers for proximal tubules
Scalar meson mediated nuclear mu-e conversion
We study the nuclear mu-e conversion in the general framework of the
effective Lagrangian approach without referring to any specific realization of
the physics beyond the standard model (SM) responsible for lepton flavor
violation (LFV). We analyze the role of scalar meson exchange between the
lepton and nucleon currents and show its relevance for the coherent channel of
mu-e conversion. We show that this mechanism introduces modifications in the
predicted mu-e conversion rates in comparison with the conventional direct
nucleon mechanism, based on the contact type interactions of the nucleon
currents with the LFV leptonic current. We derive from the experimental data
lower limits on the mass scales of the generic LFV lepton-quark contact terms
and demonstrate that they are more stringent than the similar limits existing
in the literature.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur
Updated analysis of meson-nucleon sigma terms in the perturbative chiral quark model
We present an updated analysis of meson-baryon sigma terms in the
perturbative chiral quark model, which is based on effective chiral Lagrangian.
The new feature concerns the inclusion of excited states in the quark
propagator. Its influence on meson loops is shown to lead in particular for the
pion-nucleon sigma term to an enhancement relevant for the current evaluation
of this quantity. We also determine various flavor combinations of the scalar
nucleon form factors and their respective low-momentum transfer limits.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys Rev
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