Comparison of the Proseal, Supreme, and I-Gel SAD in Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgeries

We compared proseal, supreme, and i-gel supraglottic airway devices in terms of oropharyngeal leak pressures and airway morbidities in gynecological laparoscopic surgeries. One hundred and five patients undergoing elective surgery were subjected to general anesthesia after which they were randomly distributed into three groups. Although the oropharyngeal leak pressure was lower in the i-gel group initially (mean ± standard deviation; 23.9 ± 2.4, 24.9 ± 2.9, and 20.9 ± 3.5, resp.), it was higher than the proseal group and supreme group at 30 min of surgery after the trendelenburg position (25.0 ± 2.3, 25.0 ± 1.9, and 28.3 ± 2.3, resp.) and at the 60 min of surgery (24.2 ± 2.1, 24.8 ± 2.2, and 29.5 ± 1.1, resp.). The time to apply the supraglottic airway devices was shorter in the i-gel group (12.2 (1.2), 12.9 (1.0), and 6.7 (1.2), resp., P=0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of their fiber optic imaging levels. pH was measured at the anterior and posterior surfaces of the pharyngeal region after the supraglottic airway devices were removed; the lowest pH values were 5 in all groups. We concluded that initial oropharyngeal leak pressures obtained by i-gel were lower than proseal and supreme, but increased oropharyngeal leak pressures over time, ease of placement, and lower airway morbidity are favorable for i-gel

ABNORMALNI TEST OPTEREĆENJA GLUKOZOM I BLAGI GESTACIJSKI DIJABETES

Objective. The status of carbohydrate metabolism of pregnant women with positive glucose challenge test (GCT), but normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and their neonates are not defined clearly. Study Design. Pregnant women with normal GCT (n: 120), with abnormal glucose challenge test (AGCT) but normal OGTT (n: 67) and with gestational diabetes (GDM, n: 67) were included into the study. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by fasting insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR); quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) and ISOGTT. Serum insulin and glucose values during OGTT were documented. Perinatal outcome and delivery modalities were compared. Results. Both GDM (31.6±5.9 yrs) and AGCT groups (29.0±4.0 yrs) were older than controls (28.1±4.9 yrs). Body mass index (BMI) was the predominant factor affecting both AGCT and GDM groups (OR: 3.78 and 5.97 respectively). Despite there was no significance between insulin indices; serum glucose and insulin values were similarly different; macrosomic infant and caesarean section rates were higher than controls in both GDM and AGCT groups in favor of gestational diabetics (6.6% vs. 18.9%; p=0.0001 and 20% vs. 27.7% p=0.0001 respectively). Conclusion. Pregnant woman with abnormal glucose challenge test have impaired carbohydrate metabolism as in gestational diabetics with a lesser severe degree.Cilj istraživanja. Stanje metabolizma ugljikohidrata u trudnica s pozitivnim testom probira (glucose challenge test – GCT), a normalnim testom opterećenja glukozom (OGTT) te njihove novorođenčadi, nije jasno definirano. Način istraživanja. U studiju su uključene trudnice s normalnim GCT-om (n: 120), s abnormalnim GCT-om ali normalnim OGTT-om (n:67 te trudnice s gestacijskim dijabetesom (n: 67). Insulinska osjetljivost je vrednovana jutarnjiom vrijednošću insulina, modelom prosudbe homeostaze indeksom rezistencije na inzulin (HOMA-IR), kvantitativnim indeksom provjere insulina (QUICKI) i ISOGTT-om. Vrijednosti serumske glukoze i inzulina su analizirane. Uspoređen je perinatalni ishod i način poroda. Rezultati. Trudnice s GDM (31,6±5,9 godina) i one s AGCT (29,0±4,0 godina) su bile starije dobi od kontrolnih trudnica (28,1±4,9 godina). Indeks tjelesne težine (BMI) je bio presudni čimbenik u skupini s AGCT i GDM (OR: 3,78 odnosno 5,97). Unatoč tome nije bilo značajnosti među inzuilinskim indeksima; serumske vrijednosti glukoze i inzulina su bile slično različite; makrosomna djeca i stopa carskih rezova su u trudnica s AGCT i OGTT bile češće, posebice u trudnica s GDM (6,6% prama 18,9%, p = 0,0001; 20% prama 27,7%, p = 0,0001). Zaključak. Trudnice s abnormalnim testom probira na glukozu (AGCT) imaju poremećaj metabolizma ugljikohidrata kao i trudnice s gestacijskim dijabetesom (GDM), ali u nešto manjoj mjeri

Clinical Study Comparison of the Proseal, Supreme, and I-Gel SAD in Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgeries

We compared proseal, supreme, and i-gel supraglottic airway devices in terms of oropharyngeal leak pressures and airway morbidities in gynecological laparoscopic surgeries. One hundred and five patients undergoing elective surgery were subjected to general anesthesia after which they were randomly distributed into three groups. Although the oropharyngeal leak pressure was lower in the i-gel group initially (mean ± standard deviation; 23.9 ± 2.4, 24.9 ± 2.9, and 20.9 ± 3.5, resp.), it was higher than the proseal group and supreme group at 30 min of surgery after the trendelenburg position (25.0 ± 2.3, 25.0 ± 1.9, and 28.3 ± 2.3, resp.) and at the 60 min of surgery (24.2 ± 2.1, 24.8 ± 2.2, and 29.5 ± 1.1, resp.). The time to apply the supraglottic airway devices was shorter in the i-gel group (12.2 (1.2), 12.9 (1.0), and 6.7 (1.2), resp., = 0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of their fiber optic imaging levels. pH was measured at the anterior and posterior surfaces of the pharyngeal region after the supraglottic airway devices were removed; the lowest pH values were 5 in all groups. We concluded that initial oropharyngeal leak pressures obtained by i-gel were lower than proseal and supreme, but increased oropharyngeal leak pressures over time, ease of placement, and lower airway morbidity are favorable for i-gel

Comparative analysis of models in confirmatory factor analysis: Exploring clinical applications and interpretation

To demonstrate the explainability of the scales with fewer dimensions instead of the number of existing dimensions by ensuring that the scale structures created by explanatory factor analysis (EFA) are verified with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data from the Nutritional Behavior Scale in Children, answered by the parents of 204 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were used. EFA was performed with the data obtained from the scale. In the next step, the explained variance percentages and dimensions were determined and the model goodness of fit indexes were calculated with CFA. The dimensions with the lowest explained variance percentages were removed from the model, respectively, and three different scale models were tested. The variance explanation percentage of the first eight-dimensional model created with EFA was calculated as 72.68%. The food fussiness sub-dimension was removed and CFA was applied to the model again and new indices were calculated. Finally, the emotional under-eating sub-dimension was excluded from the model, resulting in a six-dimensional Child Eating Behavior Scale (CEBS). Goodness-of-fit indices of the CFA model established with six dimensions were χ2 / df; 1.545, AIC; 715,433 and RMSEA; 0.052 was found. It has been shown that the eight, seven, and six-dimensional scale models constructed according to the percentages of variance explained for CEBS are sufficient to explain the sample and that the six-dimensional scale model can be used for CEBS. Our study is the first to use competing models in confirmatory factor analysis in reducing scale dimensions. [Med-Science 2023; 12(2.000): 562-8

Comparison of different retreatment techniques and root canal sealers: a scanning electron microscopic study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two retreatment techniques, in terms of the operating time and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results, in removing three different root canal sealers from root canals that were previously filled with gutta-percha. Sixty extracted single-rooted human premolars were divided into three groups and filled with iRoot SP, MM Seal, and AH Plus sealers, along with gutta-percha, through a lateral compaction technique. Root canal fillings of the samples were removed by ESI ultrasonic tips or R-Endo files. The time to reach the working length was recorded. Longitudinally sectioned samples were examined under SEM magnification. Each picture was evaluated in terms of the residual debris. Data were statistically analyzed with the Kruskall-Wallis test. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of operating time (p>0.05). Significant differences in the number of debris-free dentinal tubules were found among the root canal thirds, but this finding was not influenced by the experimental group (p < 0.05). Resin sealer tags were observed inside the dentinal tubules in the MM Seal group. Under the conditions of this study, it may be established that there was no difference among the sealers and retreatment techniques

ABNORMALNI TEST OPTEREĆENJA GLUKOZOM I BLAGI GESTACIJSKI DIJABETES

Objective. The status of carbohydrate metabolism of pregnant women with positive glucose challenge test (GCT), but normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and their neonates are not defined clearly. Study Design. Pregnant women with normal GCT (n: 120), with abnormal glucose challenge test (AGCT) but normal OGTT (n: 67) and with gestational diabetes (GDM, n: 67) were included into the study. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by fasting insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR); quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) and ISOGTT. Serum insulin and glucose values during OGTT were documented. Perinatal outcome and delivery modalities were compared. Results. Both GDM (31.6±5.9 yrs) and AGCT groups (29.0±4.0 yrs) were older than controls (28.1±4.9 yrs). Body mass index (BMI) was the predominant factor affecting both AGCT and GDM groups (OR: 3.78 and 5.97 respectively). Despite there was no significance between insulin indices; serum glucose and insulin values were similarly different; macrosomic infant and caesarean section rates were higher than controls in both GDM and AGCT groups in favor of gestational diabetics (6.6% vs. 18.9%; p=0.0001 and 20% vs. 27.7% p=0.0001 respectively). Conclusion. Pregnant woman with abnormal glucose challenge test have impaired carbohydrate metabolism as in gestational diabetics with a lesser severe degree.Cilj istraživanja. Stanje metabolizma ugljikohidrata u trudnica s pozitivnim testom probira (glucose challenge test – GCT), a normalnim testom opterećenja glukozom (OGTT) te njihove novorođenčadi, nije jasno definirano. Način istraživanja. U studiju su uključene trudnice s normalnim GCT-om (n: 120), s abnormalnim GCT-om ali normalnim OGTT-om (n:67 te trudnice s gestacijskim dijabetesom (n: 67). Insulinska osjetljivost je vrednovana jutarnjiom vrijednošću insulina, modelom prosudbe homeostaze indeksom rezistencije na inzulin (HOMA-IR), kvantitativnim indeksom provjere insulina (QUICKI) i ISOGTT-om. Vrijednosti serumske glukoze i inzulina su analizirane. Uspoređen je perinatalni ishod i način poroda. Rezultati. Trudnice s GDM (31,6±5,9 godina) i one s AGCT (29,0±4,0 godina) su bile starije dobi od kontrolnih trudnica (28,1±4,9 godina). Indeks tjelesne težine (BMI) je bio presudni čimbenik u skupini s AGCT i GDM (OR: 3,78 odnosno 5,97). Unatoč tome nije bilo značajnosti među inzuilinskim indeksima; serumske vrijednosti glukoze i inzulina su bile slično različite; makrosomna djeca i stopa carskih rezova su u trudnica s AGCT i OGTT bile češće, posebice u trudnica s GDM (6,6% prama 18,9%, p = 0,0001; 20% prama 27,7%, p = 0,0001). Zaključak. Trudnice s abnormalnim testom probira na glukozu (AGCT) imaju poremećaj metabolizma ugljikohidrata kao i trudnice s gestacijskim dijabetesom (GDM), ali u nešto manjoj mjeri

Head circumference measurement of urban children aged between 6 and 12 in Malatya, Turkey

Head circumference (HC) is one of the most significant findings in physical examination, especially in the evaluation of the development and early diagnosis of neurological disorders in children. In the standard charts for developmental evaluation of Turkish children, there is no HC reference values for children over 6 years of age. Since the HC standards show differences among races and generations, many researchers have obtained normal values for their own populations, and recommend periodic reevaluation of these standards. In this study, the HC of 1826 healthy children (945 male, 881 female) aged between 6 and 12 years was measured in order to establish the Turkish standards. The sample represented various socioeconomic levels in the city of Malatya, Turkey. The study was conducted in ten schools and measurements were done twice by a pediatrician and the mean was recorded. Charts and graphs for boys and girls were prepared separately. Results were compared to the values of other populations. HC values of Turkish children were similar to that of Irish children. The data obtained in this study may replace the Nelhaus criteria to be used in clinics. However, a more widespread study should be carried out by including children from different regions of Turkey. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved