A comprehensive review on the role of yoga in the management of type- 2 diabetes mellitus and its benefits over physical exercise in type 2 DM

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. It is caused either due to defective secretion of insulin or due to increased insulin resistance of peripheral tissue. The incidence of DM has increased in past decade due to sedentary lifestyle, altered dietary patterns, obesity etc. DM increases morbidity and mortality of individuals, thereby requiring great attention. In recent era, insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents are used in majority to treat DM. Recent studies have shown that simple lifestyle changes like dietary changes, yoga and physical exercise are highly beneficial in reducing the burden of disease. This review focusses on yoga as an intervention in reducing the morbidity from the disease. It highlights the benefits of yoga over physical exercise in halting the progress of disease. Physical exercise is not feasible in patients with obesity, cardio vascular diseases and older age group. Yoga is a physical, psychological and spiritual intervention that is more feasible than physical exercise.

The mortality, modes of infection, diagnostic tests, and treatments of Marburg virus disease: A systematic review

Abstract Background and Aims Marburg virus (MARV) has regularly affected people since 1967 causing multiple outbreaks. There are presently no authorized therapies for the fatal Marburg virus disease (MVD), which poses an imminent risk to global public health. The MVD has so far claimed the lives of numerous people, with an increased number of cases being seen throughout the African continent. Hence, a review was carried out to analyze the geographical distribution of MVD, mortality, routes of transmission, and diagnostic and treatment modalities. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ProMED servers were used to conduct a systematic search in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. The results were tabulated and analyzed. Results A total of 11 studies (7 case reports and 4 case series) were included in the final analysis, and 21 cases of MVD were analyzed. The most frequent symptoms were fever (66.67%), vomiting (57.14%), headache (52.38%), diarrhea (52.38%), and pain (47.62%). The most commonly used diagnostic test was RT‐PCR (42.11%). Contact transmission (50%) and zoonotic transmission (37.5%) were the most prevalent routes of transmission. Antibiotics (61.5%) were the first line of treatment. The most common complications were hemorrhage (60%) and coagulopathies (33.3%). The mortality rate was 57.1%. Conclusion To avoid disastrous consequences, it is essential to reiterate the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment of MVD

A rare case of heme oxygenase deficiency: A case report and literature review

Key Clinical Message Heme oxygenase deficiency, a rare condition disrupting heme metabolism, has only nine reported cases. We present a 3‐year‐old boy with dysmorphic facies, asplenia, and normal bilirubin levels despite ongoing hemolysis. Blood transfusions sustained hemoglobin while IV steroids managed inflammation

Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

Objective. Commonly recommended drugs for adults and children include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), proven effective for treating peptic diseases like stomach ulcers, GERD, and Helicobacter pylori infections in children over 1-year-old. Yet, prolonged PPI use carries higher risks of adverse reactions, prompting this study’s analysis. Methods. We have performed a systematic review of 30 articles, which include a total of 762 505 pediatric patients. Results. Adverse effects were encountered in 6.98% of the population. The 5 most common adverse effects were respiratory tract complications, gastrointestinal complications, urinary tract infections, asthma, and ENT infections. Conclusion. Hence, PPIs should be prescribed only when necessary, and physicians should prioritize patient education when considering their use

sj-docx-1-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 – Supplemental material for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review by Deekshitha Alla, Dhruv Jayeshkumar Shah, Muneesh Seepana, Rishabh Baskara Salian, Sai Santhosha Mrudula Alla, Midhun Krishna Mohanan, Mert Sabıroğlu, Mohan Sai Sunith Vegesna, Aradhya Singh, Srajan Gupta and Shushrutha Shivalingappa Rekha in Global Pediatric Health</p

sj-docx-2-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 – Supplemental material for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review by Deekshitha Alla, Dhruv Jayeshkumar Shah, Muneesh Seepana, Rishabh Baskara Salian, Sai Santhosha Mrudula Alla, Midhun Krishna Mohanan, Mert Sabıroğlu, Mohan Sai Sunith Vegesna, Aradhya Singh, Srajan Gupta and Shushrutha Shivalingappa Rekha in Global Pediatric Health</p

sj-docx-3-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 – Supplemental material for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-gph-10.1177_2333794X241248967 for Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review by Deekshitha Alla, Dhruv Jayeshkumar Shah, Muneesh Seepana, Rishabh Baskara Salian, Sai Santhosha Mrudula Alla, Midhun Krishna Mohanan, Mert Sabıroğlu, Mohan Sai Sunith Vegesna, Aradhya Singh, Srajan Gupta and Shushrutha Shivalingappa Rekha in Global Pediatric Health</p

Effectiveness of statins in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

People living with HIV (PLWH) receiving statin therapy have shown improved lipid profiles. However, they are not free from side effects, thereby requiring strict monitoring of the therapy. The meta-analysis aims to analyze the effect of statins in PLWH and critically appraise the effectiveness of statin therapy in PLWH. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science servers were used to conduct a systematic search in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis of pooled effect estimates is produced using Revman software. A total of 12 RCTs with 8716 participants were included in the analysis. Analysis of the overall effect estimates found that statins resulted in a mean reduction of 41.15 mg/dl (MD = −41.15; 95% CI: −44.19, −38.11; p p p p = 0.0002). When considered collectively, statin therapy’s advantages appear to exceed its occasional predictable side effects like liver or muscle toxicity. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023469521.</p