Summary of GP measurements.

<p>GP measurements in hN2, HEK293, NIH3T3 and L6 cells at a) 12 h; b) 72 h and c) 92 h.</p

Laurdan GP analysis.

<p>A) Fluorescence-intensity images of three hN2 cells at 12 h observed in the blue channel (460–480). GP scale to pseudo color the intensity image is shown at the right. C) GP histogram from the corresponding image (membrane) in B). One Gaussian component is observed referring to the cell membrane after digital mask application. Average GP = 0.062.The width at half maximum is ~ 0.1.</p

Chemical composition (w/w, %) of the maize starches used.

<p>Chemical composition (w/w, %) of the maize starches used.</p

Retrogradation monitored using the FTIR absorbance ratio 1045:1022 cm^-1 for Gelose 50, Gelose 80, MAZACA, and Melojel.

<p>Black: Non-treated control sample, Olive: Pressure releasing rate: 50 MPa/min, Magenta: Pressure releasing rate: 100 MPa/min, Blue: Pressure releasing rate: 900 MPa/min.</p

Storage modulus <i>G’</i> (solid symbols) and loss modulus <i>G”</i> (open symbols) as a function of frequency.

<p>Symbols are Gelose 80 starch after HHP treatment (pressure releasing rate 100MPa/min) for 0 day storage (blue) and 30 days storage (red).</p

Complex modulus (G*) at 1 Hz, for Gelose 50, Gelose 80, MAZACA, and Melojel as a function of time for storage starch pastes stored at 4°C.

<p>Black: Non-treated control sample, Olive: Pressure releasing rate: 50 MPa/min, Magenta: Pressure releasing rate: 100 MPa/min, Blue: Pressure releasing rate: 900 MPa/min.</p

The original and deconvoluted FTIR spectrum of maize starch Gelose 80 after 0 and 30 days storage after HHP treatment (pressure releasing rate: 100MPa/min).

<p>The original and deconvoluted FTIR spectrum of maize starch Gelose 80 after 0 and 30 days storage after HHP treatment (pressure releasing rate: 100MPa/min).</p

Relationship between the normalized G* (relative to the plateau value) and the normalized FTIR intensity ratio (1045: 1022 cm^-1) for all maize starches during retrogradation.

<p>Relationship between the normalized G* (relative to the plateau value) and the normalized FTIR intensity ratio (1045: 1022 cm^-1) for all maize starches during retrogradation.</p

Room-Temperature Reactivity Of Silicon Nanocrystals With Solvents: The Case Of Ketone And Hydrogen Production From Secondary Alcohols: Catalysis?

Although silicon nanoparticles dispersed in liquids are used in various applications ranging from biolabeling to hydrogen production, their reactivities with their solvents and their catalytic properties remain still unexplored. Here, we discovered that, because of their surface structures and mechanical strain, silicon nanoparticles react strongly with their solvents and may act as catalysts for the dehydrogenation, at room temperature, of secondary alcohols (e.g., isopropanol) into ketones and hydrogen. This catalytic reaction was monitored by gas chromatography, pH measurements, mass spectroscopy, and solid-state NMR. This discovery provides new understanding of the role played by silicon nanoparticles, and nanosilicon in general, in their reactivity in solvents in general, as well as being candidates in catalysis