Recrystallization Texture Development in CP-Titanium

Most of the structural components are subjected to annealing as a final forming operation for different applications. It is therefore very important to understand/know the texture development during annealing of a material. This will decide the mechanical property of the component. Annealing texture of cubic crystal system has been widely researched, but little work has been done for the hexagonal close-packing materials. In the present study recrystallization texture development in CP-titanium was investigated. CP-titanium plates were subjected to cold rolling of 90% reduction in thickness. The rolled samples were then subjected to isochronal annealing at 5000C, 6000C and 7000C for 30minutes to obtain the recrystallization temperature, determined by EBSD analysis. Final annealing was carried out at 600oC for different soaking time: 10sec, 20sec, 1min, 2min, 5min, 10min, 20min and 30min to establish the texture development during annealing. These annealed samples were subsequently characterized under XRD (X-ray Diffraction) for bulk texture measurement. The initial deformation texture i.e. (1 1 -2 4) got attenuated with time and development of new basal orientation i.e. (0 0 0 1) and non-basal orientations i.e. (2 1 -3 7), (3 1 -4 9) and (5 1 -6 15) were observed

Taylor\u27s slope stability chart for combined effects of horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients

Design standards and codes of practice on earth slope stability often recommend the pseudo-static method of analysis for determining the factor of safety of a slope subjected to seismic forces. In most pseudo-static methods of analysis, the horizontal seismic force is considered without due weightage to vertical seismic force. In the past, Taylor\u27s stability chart for a homogeneous cohesive-frictional soil slope has been extended to consider the effect of horizontal seismic force only. In this paper, an attempt is made to develop an analytical formulation considering both horizontal and vertical seismic forces in order to estimate the factor of safety of the homogeneous, cohesive-frictional soil slopes with simple profiles using Taylor\u27s stability chart. The analytical formulation is based on the friction circle method, which is one of the methods of static slope stability analysis. Several field cases have been analysed considering slope geometry, soil properties and seismic loading conditions so that Taylor\u27s stability chart can be routinely used by practising engineers considering the effects of both horizontal and vertical seismic forces. An illustrative example is included in order to explain how practising engineers can use the graphical presentations developed in this paper as the design charts for stability analysis. This illustrative example has also been solved using Plaxis 2D, a commercially available finite-element software, as a comparison

Design and power estimation of booth multiplier using different adder architectures

Modern IC Technology focuses on the design of ICs considering more area optimization and low power techniques. Multiplication is a heavily used arithmetic operation that figures prominently in signal processing and scientific applications. Multiplication is a very hardware intensive subject and we as users are mostly concerned with getting low-power,smaller area and higher speed.The most important concern in classic multiplication, mostly realized by K-cycles of shifting and adding, is to speed up underlying multi-operand addition of partial products. In this project we will present the design of Booth Multiplier with different adder architectures like Ripple Carry Adder & Carry Look Ahead Adder. The time delay, area and power have been analyzed for different adders. Also multipliers have been designed for both radix-2 and radix-4. Results will show the variation of area, speed and power for different designs. Also the power estimation method gives the deeper insight into power calculation and analysis. An approach have been suggested for peak power estimation

Clinical Appraisal on Therapeutic Efficacy of Tankana & Sphatika Bhasma With Madhu Pratisarana In Tundikeri

The clinical study was carried out to find out the efficacy of Tankana & Sphatika bhasma with Madhu pratisarana in Tundikeri (Chronic Tonsillitis).The study was an Open Labelled Randomized Comparative study with a pre- and post-test design at the outpatient level of S.V.M. Ayurvedic Medical College & R.P.K Ayurvedic Hospital, Ilkal, Karnatak, India. In accordance to inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 patients were treated with Tankana bhasma (Purified borax powder) along with Madhu (honey) pratisarana and Sphatika bhasma (purified potash alum) along with Madhu pratisarana on alternative days for 13 days to Group A and Group B respectively. Each group comprised with 15 patients. After assessment of all data, the result conforms that both the drug Tankana bhasma with Madhu pratisarana and Sphatika bhasma with Madhu pratisarana on Tundikeri have significant result. However, in overall assessment, the efficacy of Tankana bhasma pratisarana is more significant than Sphatika bhasma pratisarana in the management of Tundikeri. Keywords: Tundikeri, Tonsillitis, Tankana, Borax, Sphatika, Alum, Madhu, Pratisaran

Observational constraints and some toy models in f(Q)f(Q) gravity with bulk viscous fluid

The standard formulation of general relativity fails to describe some recent interests in the universe. It impels us to go beyond the standard formulation of gravity. The $f(Q)$ gravity theory is an interesting modified theory of gravity, where the gravitational interaction is driven by the nonmetricity $Q$. This study aims to examine the cosmological models with the presence of bulk viscosity effect in the cosmological fluid within the framework of $f(Q)$ gravity. We construct three bulk viscous fluid models, i.e. (i) for the first model, we assuming the Lagrangian $f(Q)$ as linear dependence on $Q$, (ii) for the second model the Lagrangian $f(Q)$ as a polynomial functional form, and (iii) the Lagrangian $f(Q)$ as a logarithmic dependence on $Q$. Furthermore, we use 57 points of Hubble data and 1048 Pantheon dataset to constraint the model parameters. Then, we discuss all the energy conditions for each model, which helps us to test the self-consistency of our models. Finally, we present the profiles of the equation of state parameters to test the models' present status.Comment: 13 pages,9 figures. Comments are Welcom

Gravastar in the Framework of Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity

In the current research, we present a novel gravastar model based on the Mazur-Mottola (2004) method with an isotropic matter distribution in $f(Q)$ gravity. The gravastar, a hypothesized substitute for a black hole, is built using the Mazur-Mottola mechanism. This approach allows us to define gravastar as having three stages. The first one is an inner region with negative pressure; the next region is a thin shell that is made up of ultrarelativistic stiff fluid, we have studied proper length, energy, entropy, and surface energy density for this region. Apart from that, we have demonstrated the possible stability of our suggested thin shell gravastar model through the graphical study of surface redshift. Exterior Schwarzschild geometry describes the outer region of the gravastar. In the context of $f(Q)$ gravity, we have discovered analytical solutions for the interior of gravastars that are free of any kind of singularity and the event horizon.Comment: Chinese Physics C published versio