The status of different dimensions of responsive and justice-oriented education in the area of health and providing solutions to improve the quality of health services

Background: Responsive teaching values students' cultural references in all aspects of learning. This study aimed to investigate the status of different dimensions of responsive and justice-oriented education in the area of health from the perspective of experts at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences and to provide solutions to improve the quality of health services. Methods: This is an applied, descriptive survey with a mixed approach to develop educational programs. Using stratified random sampling 335 faculty members of the Educational and Medical Center of Payambar-e Azam were selected. A literature review and survey of experts for Qualitative data review were done. A researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 5 main dimensions and 170 items was prepared. For Qualitative data review, the data obtained from semi-structured interviews with experts. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was greater than 0.70, indicating the confirmation of reliability. Results: The status of responsive and justice-oriented education in the area of medical science education is desirable in most components, but the components of educational equipment and financial resources, acceptance of new ideas, sense of responsibility in the educator, selection of capable people to provide education, planning educational programs, and the ability of education officials to make decisions in difficult times were not in desirable status. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop educational programs so that students can acquire the necessary knowledge and skills for their future profession and the ways to be paved for their mastery and clinical skills

Effect of Moderate Treadmill Exercise on hip Osteoarthritis in Male and Female Wistar Rats

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressive degenerative disease characterized by gradual loss of articular cartilage. The influence of excessive running load on the development of knee OA was investigated in male Wistar rats. This study was done to test the sex-related difference in the risk of OA of the hip joint after moderate running exercise.Materials and Methods: Forty male and female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups (2 male and 2 female groups) in a same condition. Ten of each sex were selected as control groups and kept separately while running exercises were performed in remained 20 male and female rats using a motor treadmill to motivate rats to run daily distances of 1 km at 5 days/week within six weeks. The treadmill incline was zero. On day 43, all control and training animals were killed and the hip articular cartilage and its synovial layer were evaluated microscopically.Results: The appearance of hip articular cartilage was normal and similar in all male, female and also male running groups while female running group showed some changes. Obtained results showed a mild OA only in the female running group. There wasn’t seen synovitis in both male and female running groups in comparison with control groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that the development of hip OA may be related to the sex differences as seen in the knee OA previously

Health-promoting behaviors and related factors among high school teachers in the city of Rasht, Iran

Background: Health Promoting Behaviors (HPB) are of great importance because of their potential benefits to prevent the progression of chronic diseases, reduce disease burden, improve quality of life, and reduce healthcare costs. The present study aimed to determine and compare HPB and related factors among high school teachers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 257 high school teachers (138 women and 119 men) having at least associate degree in Rasht city, Iran during 2015. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including the personal, familial, and social factors and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLPII) standard questionnaire. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. running descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent sample t-test, analysis of variance. P values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Among the participants 138 (53.7%) were female. The overall mean (SD) score of HPB among participants was 129.6 (22.64) and was undesirable. This score was significantly better among the women 130.6 (24.61) compared with men 128.5 (20.54) (P=0.01). The highest mean score of HPB was related to nutrition 26.8 (5.01), followed, respectively, by spiritual growth 22.6 (4.25) and interpersonal relations 21.7 (4.82). Physical activity with the mean (SD) score of 18.09 (4.14) had the lowest overall mean score of HPB. Female teachers had a significantly higher scores than men in all aspects (P<0.05), except for physical activity and stress management.Conclusion: The overall mean score of HPB among participants was undesirable. Total HPB in female teachers were better than that in the male teachers. Female teachers had a better status than men in all aspects except for physical activity and stress management

The relationship between air pollution exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Ahvaz, Iran

BACKGROUND: Air pollutants can have harmful effects on human health. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is represented by a spectrum of obstructive airway diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between air pollution exposure and COPD in Ahvaz, Iran. METHODS: The present epidemiological study was performed in Ahvaz city. Data were obtained from the Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Sampling was performed for 24 hours in 4 stations. Raw data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel software, and after the impact of meteorological parameters, data were converted as input file into the model. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the annual average PM10 concentration during 2012 was 727 μg/m3. According to the research findings, the two stations of Bureau of Meteorology and the city center had the highest and the lowest PM10 concentrations during 2012, respectively. The results showed a strong correlation between visits to a hospital due to COPD and PM10 emission in Ahvaz city. Approximately, 6.2% of hospital admissions for COPD occurred when the PM10 concentration was higher than 30 μg/m3. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study showed that the total mean of particle matter was higher than the standard concentration. The higher percentage of hospital admission could be the result of the dust storm, higher average PM10, and sustained high concentration days in Ahva

Responsive and Justice-Centered Education Model in Medical Sciences Education

Introduction: Considering the significant role of higher education, particularly medical sciences education, in the health and development of society, the educational system should be planned in a way that maximally caters to the community's needs. The goal of this article is to present a responsive and justice-centered education model in medical sciences education.Methods: In the quantitative phase, data from 335 faculty members of Payambar-e Azam Hospital in Hormozgan were collected using stratified random sampling and a questionnaire that identified components within a Likert scale. The content validity and structural validity of the questionnaire were confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient exceeded 0.70, indicating reliability. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS-3 software.Results: Equity-centered, universality, needs assessment, content, and principled are characteristics of equity-based education. According to the T-value modeling results, the factor loads of all model variables were above 0.96 and, at a 95% confidence level, were statistically significant. The highest factor load was related to enabling and inhibitory factors, with a factor load of 0.54 and variance of 0.23. In contrast, the lowest factor load was related to the dimensions of responsiveness and equity-based education with a factor load of 0.12 and a variance of 0.02.Conclusion: Universality, needs assessment, and content should be considered in equity-based and principled education in the planning of educational programs at medical universities

The relationship between air pollution exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Ahvaz, Iran

BACKGROUND: Air pollutants can have harmful effects on human health. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is represented by a spectrum of obstructive airway diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between air pollution exposure and COPD in Ahvaz, Iran. METHODS: The present epidemiological study was performed in Ahvaz city. Data were obtained from the Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Sampling was performed for 24 hours in 4 stations. Raw data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel software, and after the impact of meteorological parameters, data were converted as input file into the model. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the annual average PM10 concentration during 2012 was 727 μg/m3. According to the research findings, the two stations of Bureau of Meteorology and the city center had the highest and the lowest PM10 concentrations during 2012, respectively. The results showed a strong correlation between visits to a hospital due to COPD and PM10 emission in Ahvaz city. Approximately, 6.2% of hospital admissions for COPD occurred when the PM10 concentration was higher than 30 μg/m3. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study showed that the total mean of particle matter was higher than the standard concentration. The higher percentage of hospital admission could be the result of the dust storm, higher average PM10, and sustained high concentration days in Ahva

Data for the level of women׳s self-esteem and couples’ sexual satisfaction before and after mammoplasty

Nowadays, one of the existing problems in the societies is the increase in the rate of plastic surgeries such as mammaplasty, especially among the women in Iran. The present study was conducted on the positive and negative effects of this surgery on Iranian women׳s self-esteem and couples’ sexual satisfaction before and after mammaplasty. The analysis is based on data of a pretest -posttest design with only one group conducted on 100 couples. Three questionnaires of demographic characteristics, Rosenberg׳s self-esteem, and women׳s and men׳s sexual satisfaction were adopted. The questionnaires were completed before surgery and two months after by the couples. Among 100 studied participants, mean self-esteem before and after mammaplasty were 18.77 and 17.96 respectively. Mean women׳s sexual satisfaction before and after surgery were 30.80 and 39.80 respectively. In conclusion, mammaplasty is effective on increase of women׳s sexual satisfaction, but it has no effect on increase of their self-esteem and their husbands’ sexual satisfaction. Keywords: Women, Mammaplasty, Sexual satisfaction, Self–estee

Refusing to Report the Medication Errors and It\'s Effects on Patient\'s Safety in Razi Teaching Hospital during 2014-2015

Background & Aims of the Study: one of the most important health aspects health care systems is patient safety and medication errors can threaten this safety. The purpose of this research was evaluation of refusing to report the medication errors and effect on Patent safety in Razi teaching hospital after healthcare reform during 2014-2015. Materials and Methods: This study is cross-sectional study that has been accomplished in way of descriptive-analytical. The environment of research is Razi teaching hospital of Ahwaz. The population studied consisted of nurses working in different wards of selected hospital. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The results were analyzed by Excel and SPSS 16.0. Results: The results showed 60% of medication errors report by nurses. The results showed that the most important reasons for not reporting medication errors were related to the managerial factors (3.85 ± 1.512). This factor can be very important on patent safety. Factors related to the fear of the consequences of reporting 3.80 ± 1.301 and process of reporting were 3.21 ± 1.231, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the management factors was important reason not reporting medication errors. Encourage nursing, good drug administration, Training of appropriate, using instruments suitable and decrease direct contact with patient can increase causes report errors. Increase the report of medication errors can help to management these errors and reduction of injures to patients

Enhancement of Fibroblasts Outgrowth onto Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Grafted by Laminin Protein Using Carbon Dioxide Plasma Treatment

A common approach in tissue engineering is to mimic the architecture of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM plays an important role in regulating cellular behaviors by influencing cells with biochemical signals and topographical cues. Nanofibrous constructs have been used extensively as potential tissue engineering platforms. It is generally hypothesized that a close imitation of the ECM will provide a more conducive environment for cellular functions ranging from adhesion, migration, proliferation to differentiation. In this study, the polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers designed were then modified by carbon dioxide plasma and laminin in order to enhance the cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation. The samples were evaluated by attenuated total reflectancefourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle and finally, cell culture. ATR-FTIR structural analysis showed the presence of functional groups on the nanofibrous surfaces. The SEM images showed the average diameter of nanofibers to be about 100 - 300 nm for samples. The 82° difference was obtained in the contact angle analysis, obtained for the laminin-modified nanofibrous mat against the unmodified nanofibrous mat. Cellular investigation showed better adhesion and cell growth and proliferation of laminin-modified nanofibrous samples than other samples. Therefore, the modification of electrospun scaffolds with bioactive protein is beneficial as this can create an environment that consists of biochemical cues to further promote cell adhesion and proliferation