An anatomical screening of white jute accessions for fibre content

The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of 24 advanced lines of white jute and four check varieties ( CVL-1, CC-45, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 & BJRI Deshi Pat-8) for screening out high yielding and better quality fibre through an anatomical approach at JAES, Manikganj. The experiment was conducted in randomly complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The cultivars revealed significant differences among them for all the characters with range of variability. The highest bark thickness (2.32 mm) was noticed by the accession C-5036 which performed significantly better than the two checks and lowest was recorded by C-5126 (1.07 mm). The variety BJRI Deshi Pat-8 observed significantly the highest number of pyramid (54.13) whereas the lowest was recorded by the varieties BJRI Deshi Pat-7 (28.23). The accession C-5117 showed significantly the highest number of layer (10.29) whereas the variety, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 showed significantly lowest number of layer (6.32). The accession C-2305(92.37) and C-12221 (91.19) significantly showed top two number of fibre bundle, however, the lowest number of fibre bundle was recorded by BJC-5105(42.79). The largest area of pyramid was observed by the accession C-5036 (46.85 sq. mm) whereas the lowest was showed by BJC-5105 (14.50 sq. mm). The differences between Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) and Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) were little for all the characters indicating these characters were less influenced by the environment. Heritability and genetic advance (GA) were high for number of pyramid, number of fibre, bundle and Area of pyramid (sq.mm). Three accessions(C-12221, C-2305, C-5036) are showed the best performance than other accession on our screening program. These accessions are included in cluster V among the five clusters which exhibit the highest performance in all parameter except number of pyramid and may be used in further hybridization of jute

Determining Genetic Diversity of Deshi Jute (Corchorus capsularis) for the Improvement of Fibre Yield and Associated Traits

Commercially important natural fibres considered as fiber of the future are cultivated in different south-east Asian countries including India and Bangladesh. Unfortunately, they are characterized by limited genetic variation in terms of yield, quality and susceptibility to diseases and pests. Therefore, genetic deviation studies are crucial to develop a successful cultivation program to develop varieties to meet the growing demand for domestic and foreign jute products. In our study, which was conducted at the Central Jute Research Experiment Station of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), during Kharif seasons of 2014. 44 Thirteen progenies (1546, 1548, 4311, 4328, 4330, 4337, 4339, 5007, 6702/A, 6702/B, 6772, 6787, 6790) and two check varieties CVL-1 and CVE-3 (developed from Bangladesh Jute Research Institute) were investigated to study the genetic variability, genetic diversity and degree of association of different component characters related to fiber yield. The seeds of experimental plant materials were grown in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Statistical analysis was run to find out the genotypic and phenotypic variances, correlations and cluster analysis for fibre yield related traits namely plant height (m), base diameter (cm), stick weight (g), fiber weight (g). Highly significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the characters. Cluster analysis divided the accessions and varieties into four cluster. From our evaluation it was revealed that the treatment number 4337/06, 4339/06 and 6702/A performed better in most of the cases than the control varieties CVL-1 and CVE-3. These accessions may be used as parents for future variety development program

In vitro response and effect of gamma irradiation on four local indica rice varieties

In vitro response of four local Indica rice cultivars viz. Sadamota, Kachamota, Moulata and Dudhkalam was evaluated. The aim of this study is to develop an efficient protocol for callus induction, plant regeneration and to observe the effect of gamma radiation on plant regeneration for creating possible genetic variability. In Different concentration of 2,4-D and growth regulators were supplemented with MS medium (Murashige and Skoog’s) to observe their callus induction frequency using mature embryo as explant. Among the cutivars, the highest primary callus (92.55%) as well as embryogenic callus induction (56.26%) was showed in sadamota at 3.0 mgl-1 2,4-D and 10 mgl-1 kinetin under dark condition. Twenty one days old embryogenic calli were exposed to 0, 2, 4 and 6 Gy of gamma rays and transferred to regeneration medium. Both callus growth and regeneration capacity were found to be decreased with increasing level of exposure to gamma rays. The doses of 4 Gy of gamma radiation were found to be the 50% inhibition dose for callus growth and plant regeneration in sadamota and kachamota, repectively whereas the 50% inhibition dose for moulata and dudhkalam at 2 Gy. This results indicate that sentivity of gamma radiation on rice callus depends on genotype of a genus

Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors from Several Medicinal Plant Compounds by Drug Repurposing and Molecular Docking Approach.

Coronaviruses are endemic in humans and infections normally mild, such as the common cold but cross-species transmission has produced some unusually virulent strains which now causing viral pneumonia and in serious cases even acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. SARS-CoV-2 is the most threatening issue which leads the world to an uncertainty alongside thousands of regular death scenes. For this virus, death toll is increasing in. An effective vaccine to cure this virus is not yet available, thus requires concerted efforts at various scales. The viral Main Protease controls Coronavirus replication and is a proven drug discovery target for SARS-CoV-2. Here, comprehensive computational approaches including drug repurposing and molecular docking were employed to predict the efficacy of medicinal plant-based bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Molecular docking was performed using PyRx-autodock vina to analyze the inhibition probability. MPP (6LU7) was docked with 90 phytochemical compounds and docking was analysed by PyRx-autodock vina, Pymol version 1.7.4.5 Edu, and Biovia Discovery Studio 4.5. Furthermore, ADME analysis along with analysis of toxicity was also investigated to check the pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness properties of the antiviral phytochemicals. Remdesivir and lopinavir were used as standards for comparison. Our analyses revealed that the top ten (Azadirachtin, -12.5kcal/mol; Rutin, -9 kcal/mol; Theaflavin, -9 kcal/mol; Astragalin, -8.8 kcal/mol; Isoquercitrin, -8.7 kcal/mol; Hyperoside, -8.6 kcal/mol; Baicalin, -8.4 kcal/mol; Saponin, -8.3 kcal/mol; Sennoside A, -8.3 kcal/mol; Aloin, -8.2 kcal/mol, while Remdesivir and Lopinavir showed -8.2 and -7.9 kcal/mol) hits might serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimization and drug development process to combat COVID-19

Screening of salt-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through morphological and molecular markers

Screening of wheat genotypes containing suitable candidate genes for salt tolerance is an essential step in stress-breeding. This study aimed to determine genetic variation, and screen salt-tolerant genotypes using morphological and molecular markers as selection criteria. In this study, 44 genotypes of wheat were screened at the seedling stage by hydroponic culture. The treatments included a control (1 dSm−1), and low (9 dSm−1), moderate (12 dSm−1) and high (15 dSm−1) salinity stresses. Moreover, these genotypes were subjected to marker-assisted selection using 15 salt tolerance related gene-linked simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The total salt stress response indices (TSSRI) categorized wheat genotypes into four groups; tolerant, moderately tolerant, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. TSSRI and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that Akbar was the most salt-tolerant wheat genotype, followed by Barigom-20, Barigom-22, BW-1284, BW-1262, BW-1237, and Barigom-24. It was evident that the growth of most of the genotypes was significantly inhibited by salt treatment. The tolerant genotypes, however, had to face a lower reduction in morphological parameters. The highest value (0.7127) of polymorphism information content (PIC) was shown by the marker Xwmc17. UPGMA dendrogram showed a clear differentiation of 43 wheat genotypes into seven major clusters considering genetic similarity. Cluster-I consisted of twelve genotypes, seven of which were found salt-tolerant, cluster-VI was composed of seven genotypes, of which four emerged as salt-tolerant, and Cluster-VII accommodated three genotypes all of which were tolerant based on TSSRI. On the contrary, seven genotypes in Cluster-II, and five in Cluster-III were found salt-susceptible according to phenotypic assessment at the seedling stage. In conclusion, considering the morphological characterization and molecular markers response, Akbar, Barigom-20, Barigom-22, BW-1284, and BW-1262 are identified as tolerant genotypes. Therefore, these screened genotypes could be utilized as valuable genetic resources in wheat breeding for salinity tolerance research

Predictive factors for malignancy in undiagnosed isolated small bowel strictures

Background/Aims: Patients with small bowel strictures have varied etiologies, including malignancy. Little data are available on the demographic profiles and etiologies of small bowel strictures in patients who undergo surgery because of intestinal obstruction but do not have a definitive pre-operative diagnosis.Methods: Retrospective data were analyzed for all patients operated between January 2000 and October 2014 for small bowel strictures without mass lesions and a definite diagnosis after imaging and endoscopic examinations. Demographic parameters, imaging, endoscopic, and histological data were extracted from the medical records. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors that could differentiate between intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) and between malignant and benign strictures.Results: Of the 7,425 reviewed medical records, 89 met the inclusion criteria. The most common site of strictures was the proximal small intestine (41.5%). The most common histological diagnoses in patients with small bowel strictures were ITB (26.9%), CD (23.5%), non-specific strictures (20.2%), malignancy (15.5%), ischemia (10.1%), and other complications (3.4%). Patients with malignant strictures were older than patients with benign etiologies (47.6±15.9 years vs. 37.4±16.4 years, P=0.03) and age >50 years had a specificity for malignant etiology of 80%. Only 7.1% of the patients with malignant strictures had more than 1 stricture and 64% had proximally located strictures. Diarrhea was the only factor that predicted the diagnosis of CD 6.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.10–38.25; P=0.038) compared with the diagnosis of ITB.Conclusions: Malignancy was the cause of small bowel strictures in approximately 16% patients, especially among older patients with a single stricture in the proximal location. Empirical therapy should be avoided and the threshold for surgical resection is low in these patients

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$

Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations and their Lévy parameters in PbPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

Two-particle Bose-Einstein momentum correlation functions are studied for charged-hadron pairs in lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. The data sample, containing 4.27$\times10^{9}$ minimum bias events corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.607 nb$^{-1}$, was collected by the CMS experiment in 2018. The experimental results are discussed in terms of a L\'evy-type source distribution. The parameters of this distribution are extracted as functions of particle pair average transverse mass and collision centrality. These parameters include the L\'evy index or shape parameter ($\alpha$), the L\'evy scale parameter ($R$), and the correlation strength parameter ($\lambda$). The source shape, characterized by $\alpha$, is found to be neither Cauchy nor Gaussian, implying the need for a full L\'evy analysis. Similarly to what was previously found for systems characterized by Gaussian source radii, a hydrodynamical scaling is observed for the L\'evy $R$ parameter. The $\lambda$ parameter is studied in terms of the core-halo model.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review C. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-21-011 (CMS Public Pages

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$