Using Modified Similarity Multiple criteria Decision Making technique to rank countries in terms of Human Development Index

Purpose:Human Development Index (HDI) reported annually by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) is apopular measure of human well-being. The purposeof this study is to propose a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique named Modified Similarity technique for ranking countries based on multi criteria HDI. Design/methodology/approach:In Human Development Reports (HDRs), the HDI for each country isfirst calculated from the average of the health, education and income dimension indices with equally allocatedweight. Then the countries are ranked based on this index. Regarding the criticisms the method ofcalculating the HDI has received, this study usesModified Similarity Multi Criteria Decision Making methodfor ranking countries based on multi criteriaHDI, as an alternative method to the average method, which is being used in annually reported HDRs. Findings: We used the four HD indices mentioned in the 2010 and 2011 HDRs to rank 187 countries which have been investigated in the 2011 HDR. The results of ranking countries by the Modified Similarity technique were somewhat different from the 2011 HDR ranking. Originality/value:Some of the HDI criticisms are related to the method of calculating the index in the form of computing theaverage of the three health, education and income dimension indices with equally allocated weight. in an attempt to eliminatesome of the weaknesses associated with the index, this study uses Similarity technique, as an alternative to the average method of ranking countries in terms of humandevelopment. In addition due to some discrepancies associated with the Similarity technique introduced by Deng (2007), a Modified Similarity technique is discussed.Peer Reviewe

CONFRONTATION OF THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF ISLAMIC MYSTICISM AND POST-STRUCTURALISM PHILOSOPHY IN ARCHITECTURE WITH EMPHASIZING ON RUMI & JACQUES DERRIDA’S VIEWS

Abstract. What the West and its theorists now call "deconstruction", have practically gone their way through Iranian culture and literature. Particularly contemplating the mystical texts makes the subject clearer. In this research, we intend to use a descriptive-analytical method to study the comparative fundamental concepts of Islamic mysticism and post-structuralism philosophy in architecture, with emphasis on Rumi and Jacques Derrida's ideas. The objectives of such a study to the reader can be very strange. Because the subject is the study of two thoughtful who belong to the two very differenttraditions. The significance of this issue will be manifested in such a way that, as a result of this new movement toward mysticism and spirituality, Islamic mysticism can also review its relationship with philosophy, in particular its relationship with the anti-fundamentalist philosophy of the West which is one of the best ways of connecting Islamic mysticism to the new discussions of Western philosophy. The results of this study indicate that the fundamental concepts of Rumi and Jacques Derrida's intellectual mechanism are in principle compatible with each other. Among these common principles, canpoint to uncertainty, relativism, decentralize, binary opposites, hermeneutic and the death of the author. In addition to the common concepts in Rumi and Derrida’s intellectual mechanism, one point that is very contemplative is that both mysticism and deconstruction in an infinite belief will perplex the audience; because it is only in this status that you can pass away from yourself and look at the others.Keywords: Mysticism; Philosophy; Post-structuralism; Deconstruction; Rumi; Derrida

The Role of Green Playground on Social Interactions of Children (Case Study: Pasdaran Park in Bandar Anzali)

Playground is effective on behavior of children; however, the severity of this effect and its variety in different playgrounds is still unclear. Identifying the playing area, reviewing local observations, evaluating interactions and their extent, and analyzing the level of communication between children can lead to correct ranking of playgrounds. Features of playground and the created space along with vegetation and plants are effective factors in attracting children and encouraging them to increase interactions. Various features of playground can determine the extent to which a child participates in social interactions. These features, along with other environmental factors, allow the development of social behaviors for children. Therefore, playgrounds must have potential facilities and capabilities for influencing children to provide high quality. This study will analyze the Pasdaran Park playground using quantitative method and distributing questionnaires. Field study is required to obtain the results. To this end, a questionnaire containing 18 questions was developed using parameters and factors previously defined and scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Fifty park visitors were questioned. According to the results, the most important factors, which can increase satisfaction and meet visitor needs include providing new access routes and improving the existing ones, increasing children interactions in green spaces, using vegetation in the environment, improving the environment according to the needs of users. The results of this study can be used as guideline for designing and developing this space and similar spaces