紀伊半島南部地域の新第三紀構造運動と鉱床との関係

京都大学0048新制・論文博士理学博士論理博第56号新制||理||36(附属図書館)666(主査)教授 吉澤 甫, 教授 松下 進, 教授 中澤 圭二学位規則第5条第2項該当Kyoto UniversityDA

Inhibition by drugs of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis-induced skin histamine decrease.

Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was produced in the rat with mouse IgE-rich antiserum. The effect of drugs on the PCA-induced skin histamine decrease and leakage of protein-bound dye was studied. Salbutamol (0.5 mg/kg i.v. or 1.0 mg/kg s.c.) and cromoglycate (10 mg/kg i.v.) significantly inhibited the skin histamine decrease. A combination of salbutamol (0.5 mg/kg i.v. or 1.0 mg/kg s.c.) and aminophylline (25 mg/kg i.v. or 75 mg/kg s.c.) had an additive or greater than additive effect on the histamine decrease. Salbutamol (1.0 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited the dye leakage markedly, and aminophylline (75 mg/kg s.c.) slightly. These results indicate that the decrease in the skin histamine content is useful as an index of the in vivo inhibitory effect of antiallergic drugs on the antigen-induced histamine release.</p

UTMOS: UTokyo-SaruLab System for VoiceMOS Challenge 2022

We present the UTokyo-SaruLab mean opinion score (MOS) prediction system submitted to VoiceMOS Challenge 2022. The challenge is to predict the MOS values of speech samples collected from previous Blizzard Challenges and Voice Conversion Challenges for two tracks: a main track for in-domain prediction and an out-of-domain (OOD) track for which there is less labeled data from different listening tests. Our system is based on ensemble learning of strong and weak learners. Strong learners incorporate several improvements to the previous fine-tuning models of self-supervised learning (SSL) models, while weak learners use basic machine-learning methods to predict scores from SSL features. In the Challenge, our system had the highest score on several metrics for both the main and OOD tracks. In addition, we conducted ablation studies to investigate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.Comment: Submitted to INTERSPEECH 202

Spontaneous complete necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by feeding vessel occlusion outside the tumour capsule

A 64-year-old man began treatment for chronic hepatitis C with peg-interferon and ribavirin. His hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) results turned negative. Just after the treatment, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a hypovascular mass in the segment 8. We performed a right hemihepatectomy as HCC. Upon macroscopic examination, the tumour was yellow and firm with a fibrous capsule. A wedge-shaped necrotic area was located at the top of an artery and a portal vein of segment 8. Necrosis was observed not only in the tumour but in the adjacent parenchyma. A histopathological examination showed that the tumour had been completely replaced by necrosis. This tumour was surrounded by capillary vessels and fed by several thick arteries, but organized thrombi were not detected. No viable cells were found. The histopathological diagnosis was a spontaneous complete necrosis of HCC caused by the occlusion of feeding vessels outside the capsule

Propofol for Anesthesia and Postoperative Sedation Resulted in Fewer Inflammatory Responses than Sevoflurane Anesthesia and Midazolam Sedation after Thoracoabdominal Esophagectomy.

Responses to surgical stress can be modulated by anesthetics. We prospectively compared the effects of two different anesthetic/sedative techniques on the peak postoperative bladder temperature (BT) and the postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) level. Twenty patients who were scheduled to undergo elective thoracoabdominal esophagectomy were allocated to receive either propofol anesthesia followed by propofol sedation (PP group, n = 10) or sevoflurane anesthesia followed by midazolam sedation (SM group, n = 10). In each case, the patient’s peak bladder temperature was measured on the morning after surgery, and their serum CRP levels were assessed on postoperative days (POD) 1, 2, and 3. The patients’ postoperative clinical courses were also evaluated. The peak postoperative BT (°C) (37.6 ± 0.4 vs. 38.2 ± 0.6, respectively; p <0.05) and the CRP level on POD 2 (mg/dl) (14.3 ± 3.9 vs. 20.6 ± 3.9, respectively; p <0.05) were lower in the PP group than in the SM group. The peak postoperative BT was positively correlated with the CRP level on POD 2 (R = 0.533, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the clinical course-related parameters in both groups. Proposal anesthesia and postoperative propofol sedation resulted in a reduced peak postoperative BT and lower CRP levels on POD 2 after esophagectomy than sevoflurane anesthesia followed by midazolam sedation.This study was supported by the Hiroshima University Support Foundation

Idiopathic pneumoperitoneum after trauma

Intra-abdominal free gas is a finding of extra-intestinal gas in the abdominal cavity on radiography or CT, mainly suggesting gastrointestinal perforation and necessitating emergency surgery. Idiopathic pneumoperitoneum is diagnosed when there is no obvious gastrointestinal perforation, but there is presence of free gas in the abdominal cavity with an unidentifiable cause. Herein, we report a case of idiopathic pneumoperitoneum secondary to high-energy trauma following a car rollover accident. A 95-year-old man was transferred to our clinic after a car-to-car rollover accident. He had abrasions on his right upper arm and left abdomen that appeared to be the result of the accident ; however, no other apparent traumatic injuries were noted. There was no pain in the abdomen, and peritoneal irritation symptoms were also not noted. A CT scan showed fine free air. Although idiopathic pneumoperitoneum could not be ruled out, considering the patient’s background and the possibility of traumatic small bowel perforation, emergency surgery was performed. A thorough search of the abdominal cavity was performed ; however, the surgery was completed without an obvious perforation site. Idiopathic pneumoperitoneum should be considered as a differential disease in cases who have free air on abdominal CT but clinically lack obvious inflammatory reaction findings

Novel scotoma detection method using time required for fixation to the random targets

We developed a novel scotoma detection system using time required for fixation to the random targets, or the” eye-guided scotoma detection method “. In order to verify the” eye-guided scotoma detection method “, we measured 78 eyes of 40 subjects, and examined the measurement results in comparison with the results of measurement by Humphrey perimetry. The results were as follows: (1) Mariotte scotomas were detected in 100% of the eyes tested; (2) The false-negative rate (the percentage of cases where a scotoma was evaluated as a non-scotoma) was less than 10%; (3) The positive point distribution in the low-sensitivity eyes was well matched. These findings suggested that the novel scotoma detection method in the current study will pave the way for the realization of mass screening to detect pathological scotoma earlier.[Author summary] Conventional perimeters, such as the Goldmann perimeter and Humphrey perimeter, require experienced examiners and space occupying. With either perimeter, subjects’ eye movements need to be strictly fixed to the fixation target of the device. Other perimeters can monitor fixation and automatically measure the visual field. With the eye-guided scotoma detection method proposed in the current study, subjects feel less burdened since they do not have to fixate on the fixation target of the device and can move their eyes freely. Subjects simply respond to visual targets on the display; then, scotomas can be automatically detected. The novel method yields highly accurate scotoma detection through an algorithm that separates scotomas from non-scotomas

Atherosclerosis as a Proliferative Disease of Arterial Intimal Cells : An ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization study

Coronary arterise obtained from 35 autopsied cases were studied with the aid of electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. Smooth muscle cells were the main cellular components of the fibrocellular intimal thickening of the coronary artery. Atherosclerotic lesions were characterized by proliferation of smooth muscle cells as well as foam cells. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies indicated that, foam cells originated from smooth muscle cells and macrophages. Immunohistochemistry showed low levels of expression of the myc oncogene product in the lesions of fibrocellular intimal thickening and increased expression of that in the early stage of the athlrosclerotic lesions. Both smooth muscle cell and macrophage were responsible for the expression of the myc oncogene. In situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of m-RNA of myc oncogene in the intimal cells of the uncomplicated atherosclerotic lesions